{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T23:51:23Z","timestamp":1780357883281,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,24]],"date-time":"2018-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1521849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000245","name":"Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>People with severe alcohol dependence and unstable housing are vulnerable to multiple harms related to drinking and homelessness. Managed Alcohol Programs (MAP) aim to reduce harms of severe alcohol use without expecting cessation of use. There is promising evidence that MAPs reduce acute and social harms associated with alcohol dependence. The aim of this paper is to describe MAPs in Canada including key dimensions and implementation issues.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirteen Canadian MAPs were identified through the Canadian Managed Alcohol Program Study. Nine key informant interviews were conducted and analysed alongside program documents and reports to create individual case reports. Inductive content analysis and cross case comparisons were employed to identify six key dimensions of MAPs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Community based MAPs have a common goal of preserving dignity and reducing harms of drinking while increasing access to housing, health and social services. MAPs are offered as both residential and day programs with differences in six key dimensions including program goals and eligibility, food and accomodation, alcohol dispensing and administration, funding and money management, primary care services and clinical monitoring, and social and cultural connections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>MAPs consist of four pillars with the alcohol intervention provided alongside housing interventions, primary care services, social and cultural interventions. Availability of permanent housing and re\u2010establishing social and cultural connections are central to recovery and healing goals of MAPs. Additional research regarding Indigenous and gendered approaches to program development as well as outcomes related to chronic harms and differences in alcohol management are needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12681","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,24]],"date-time":"2018-03-24T08:16:58Z","timestamp":1521879418000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Community managed alcohol programs in Canada: Overview of key dimensions and implementation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4845-1383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernadette (Bernie)","family":"Pauly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research  Victoria Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Vallance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research  Victoria Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Wettlaufer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research  Victoria Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5040-727X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clifton","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research  Victoria Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randi","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research  Victoria Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alberta  Edmonton Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MacEwan University  Edmonton Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bonnie","family":"Krysowaty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research  Victoria Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Ivsins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research  Victoria Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Schiff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lakehead University  Thunder Bay Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5696-6803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim","family":"Stockwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research  Victoria Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050225"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61132-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","volume-title":"The state of homelessness in Canada 2016","author":"Gaetz S","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","volume-title":"Illicit alcohol in British Columbia: results from a qualitative research","author":"British Columbia Center for Disease Control","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"On suffering and structural violence: a view from below. 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