{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T08:17:36Z","timestamp":1770538656302,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,3]],"date-time":"2020-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596412800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21 DA044946"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 DA044946"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Opioids and benzodiazepines (O\/BZD) are increasingly involved in drug overdose deaths in the USA. Expanding treatment capacity may reduce these deaths. Knowledge about co\u2010occurring O\/BZD admissions compared to opioid admissions (opioid) is needed to plan this expansion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>US treatment admissions to specialty facilities for 2011\u20132017 were analysed for trends and 2017 for group differences. Due to 1.9 million admissions in 2017, comparisons between O\/BZD and opioid admissions were summarised as effect sizes. Additional analysis compared the administratively pre\u2010coded category \u2018other opiates and synthetics\u2019 to other opiates and synthetics\/benzodiazepines admissions to control for possible similarity in drug source. Differences within O\/BZD admissions by primary drug were explored.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although opioid admissions showed a steady increase over time (25.9% to 38.2%), O\/BZD admissions showed increases until decline in 2017 (3.2% to 4.0%). In 2017 no factor reached moderate effect size (\u22650.2) in group comparisons or within the O\/BZD admissions. Heroin was self\u2010reported in 70% of both O\/BZD and opioid admissions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>No meaningful US national differences on data routinely collected were found for O\/BZD compared to opioid admissions including the subgroup with other opiates and synthetics only. Efforts to expand existing opioid treatment in specialty treatments may help reduce opioid and O\/BZD deaths. However, the analysis could not address whether changes in treatment would improve outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.13129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,4]],"date-time":"2020-08-04T06:48:49Z","timestamp":1596523729000},"page":"862-869","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["<scp>US national treatment admissions with opioids and benzodiazepines<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8167-6955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cynthia L.","family":"Arfken","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, School of Medicine Wayne State University  Detroit USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Darlene D.","family":"Owens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Detroit Wayne Integrated Health Network  Detroit USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark K.","family":"Greenwald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, School of Medicine Wayne State University  Detroit USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University  Detroit USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"Overdose death rates","author":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 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