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We examined the incidence and predictors of violence\u2010related morbidity after release from prison and investigated whether there are differences according to sex and Indigenous status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Baseline data were collected from 1325 people within 6\u2009weeks of release from prisons in Queensland, Australia, between 1 August 2008 and 31 July 2010. Data were linked to state\u2010wide health (ambulance, emergency department and hospital) and prison records, and national death records until 31 July 2012. Predictors were identified using a multivariable Andersen\u2010Gill model. Differences according to sex and Indigenous status were investigated using effect modification.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 225 (18.2%) people experienced 410 violence\u2010related events that were recorded in health records. The incidence was 12.8 per 100 person\u2010years [95% confidence interval (CI) 11.7, 14.1]. Risk factors for violence\u2010related morbidity included diagnosed mental illness [hazard ratio (HR)\u00a0=\u00a02.0, 95% CI 1.1, 3.8], substance use disorder (HR\u00a0=\u00a01.6, 95% CI 1.1, 2.3) or dual diagnosis (HR\u00a0=\u00a03.2, 95% CI 2.2, 4.8); high\u2010risk alcohol use (HR\u00a0=\u00a02.1, 95% CI 1.5, 2.8); being Indigenous (HR\u00a0=\u00a01.7, 95% CI 1.2, 2.5); and two or more prison releases (HR\u00a0=\u00a01.7, 95% CI 1.2, 2.6). Indigenous status modified the risk of violence\u2010related morbidity, with Indigenous men having twice the risk of non\u2010Indigenous men (HR\u00a0=\u00a01.9, 95% CI 1.3, 2.8).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Approximately one in five people released from prisons in Queensland experienced violence\u2010related morbidity. Coordinated and continuous mental health and substance use treatment from prison to the community may reduce the risk of violence\u2010related morbidity in this population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.13380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,12]],"date-time":"2021-09-12T17:03:11Z","timestamp":1631466191000},"page":"457-466","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Violence\u2010related morbidity among people released from prison in Australia: A data linkage study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4360-2605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa","family":"Willoughby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne School of Population and Global Health The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Adolescent Health Murdoch Children's Research Institute  Melbourne 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