{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T18:24:35Z","timestamp":1776709475277,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Aboriginal clients accessing Aboriginal community\u2010controlled residential alcohol and other drug rehabilitation services in New South Wales, Australia believe they have better outcomes due to culturally appropriate care. However, there is a paucity of published treatment outcome data. This study aims to identify predictors of treatment outcomes based on client characteristics at intake.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional, retrospective, observational study of 2326 admissions to six services between January 2011 and December 2016. The outcomes were: (i) leaving treatment early; (ii) self\u2010discharge or house discharge (by staff); and (iii) re\u2010admission within two\u2009years. The predictors examined were Aboriginal status, age, justice system referral and primary substance of concern. Competing risk and Poisson regression analyses were used to identify trends in the data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean age of clients was 33\u2009years, and the majority (56%) stayed at least 6\u2009weeks. Aboriginal clients whose primary substance of concern was stimulants were almost eight times more likely to re\u2010admitted within 2\u2009years than other clients (risk ratio 7.91; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Aboriginal clients who were also referred from justice were more likely to self\u2010discharge (risk ratio 1.87; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Furthermore, Aboriginal clients who were aged older than 30 were less likely to have a re\u2010admission (risk ratio 0.32; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study showed client characteristics that are predictive of harmful outcomes include age under 30, justice client, primary substance of use and their interactions. Future research could build on these results to aid ongoing development of residential rehabilitation programs for Aboriginal peoples.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.13388","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,17]],"date-time":"2021-10-17T10:03:43Z","timestamp":1634465023000},"page":"603-615","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Predictors of length of treatment, discharge reason, and re\u2010admission to Aboriginal alcohol and other drug residential rehabilitation services in New South Wales, Australia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6211-4730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Doug B.","family":"James","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Community Medicine National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5410-9464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K. S. Kylie","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Addiction Medicine NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Indigenous Health and Alcohol, The University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"The Edith Collins Centre for Translational Research in Alcohol Drugs and Toxicology Drug Health Services, Sydney Local Health District  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"National Drug Research Institute Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University  Perth Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Alcohol Policy Research La Trobe University  Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"Burnet Institute  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mithilesh","family":"Dronavalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Community Medicine National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan J.","family":"Courtney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Community Medicine National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6428-1441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine M.","family":"Conigrave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Addiction Medicine NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Indigenous Health and Alcohol, The University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"The Edith Collins Centre for Translational Research in Alcohol Drugs and Toxicology Drug Health Services, Sydney Local Health District  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Burnet Institute  Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"Royal Prince Alfred Hospital  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8816-6229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James H.","family":"Conigrave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Addiction Medicine NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Indigenous Health and Alcohol, The University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"The Edith Collins Centre for Translational Research in Alcohol Drugs and Toxicology Drug Health Services, Sydney Local Health District  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Shakeshaft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Community Medicine National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60914-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60827-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","unstructured":"Aboriginal Health & Medical Research CouncilAboriginal Communities Improving Health; An evidence review on the contribution of Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services to Improving Aboriginal Health 2015. Available at:https:\/\/www.ahmrc.org.au\/media\/resources\/research\/298\u2010aboriginal\u2010communities\u2010improving\u2010aboriginal\u2010health\/file.html. Accessed 20 Sept 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Aboriginal grief and loss: a review of the literature","volume":"16","author":"Wynne\u2010Jones M","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aust Indig Health Bull"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09595230600644665"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.The health and welfare of Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"1000","article-title":"Healing the community to heal the individual: literature review of Aboriginal community\u2010based alcohol and substance abuse programs","volume":"54","author":"Jiwa A","year":"2008","journal-title":"Can Fam Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371105600202"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09595230600644640"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40352-017-0056-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13011-017-0135-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","unstructured":"ShakeshaftA CliffordA DoranC et al.Understanding clients treatment models and evaluation options for the NSW Aboriginal Residential Healing Drug and Alcohol Network (NARHDAN): a community based participatory research approach. University of New South Wales;2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13722-020-00193-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12656"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1465-3362.2011.00298.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","unstructured":"New South Wales Department of HealthNon\u2010Government Organisation Alcohol and Other Drugs Treatment Service Specifications. Available at:https:\/\/www.health.nsw.gov.au\/aod\/resources\/Publications\/treatment\u2010service\u2010specifications.pdf. Accessed 20 Sept 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","unstructured":"New South Wales Department of HealthDrug and Alcohol Treatment Guidelines for Residential Settings 2007. Available at:https:\/\/www.health.nsw.gov.au\/aod\/professionals\/Publications\/drug-a-guidelines.pdf.Accessed 20 Sept 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1099-176X(200003)3:1<11::AID-MHP66>3.0.CO;2-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874473711666180404123904"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-012-9393-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics2016 Census of Population and Housing: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples Profile (Cat. No 20020) 2017 7 December 2018. Available at:http:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/ausstats\/abs@.nsf\/mf\/2075.0. Accessed 20 Sept 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106480"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","unstructured":"StataCorpStata Statistical Software Release 15 2019. Available at:https:\/\/www.stata.com\/support\/faqs\/resources\/citing\u2010software\u2010documentation\u2010faqs\/. Accessed 20 Sept 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2018.09.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1999.10474144"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-82"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291717000976"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2000.10400232"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.112505"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09595230500290858"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2011.0983"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Risk factors associated with dropout and readmission among First Nations individuals admitted to an inpatient alcohol and drug detoxification program","volume":"169","author":"Callaghan RC","year":"2003","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2005.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13011-018-0170-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","volume-title":"Benelong's haven: recovery from alcohol and drug use within an Aboriginal Australian residential treatment centre Richard Chenhall","author":"Chenhall R","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","unstructured":"BerrySL.Culture in treatment for Aboriginal Australian men in New South Wales residential drug and alcohol rehabilitation services.2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2014.04.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2016.01.121"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2008.976"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13648470802122024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","volume-title":"Addictions and healing in Aboriginal country","author":"Phillips G.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of StatisticsEstimates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. Canberra: Australian Bureau of Statistics. Available at:https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/statistics\/people\/aboriginal\u2010and\u2010torres\u2010strait\u2010islander\u2010peoples\/estimates\u2010aboriginal\u2010and\u2010torres\u2010strait\u2010islander\u2010australians\/latest\u2010release. Accessed 20 Sept 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12510"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1510057"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15428"}],"container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/dar.13388","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/dar.13388","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/dar.13388","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T20:25:47Z","timestamp":1692735947000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/dar.13388"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/dar.13388"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dar.13388","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-5236","1465-3362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-5236","type":"print"},{"value":"1465-3362","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-01-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-09-04","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-10-13","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}