{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T23:35:07Z","timestamp":1788478507440,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,27]],"date-time":"2022-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is an established link between tobacco use and adverse oral health outcomes. However, there is a paucity of research exploring the effect of various tobacco products on clinically diagnosed adverse oral health outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were pooled from three cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: 2009\u20132010; 2011\u20132012; and 2013\u20132014 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a011,453). Multivariable logistic regressions examined the associations between periodontitis and dental caries with the type of tobacco product used (combustible, non\u2010combustible or both).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, 42.3% of the study sample had any periodontitis, 7.8% had severe periodontitis and 21.7% had dental caries. There was a higher prevalence of periodontitis and caries among combustible tobacco users than non\u2010combustible tobacco use; 62.1% of combustible tobacco smokers had any periodontitis, 17.1% had severe periodontitis, while 39.4% of adults with dental caries were dual users. Compared to non\u2010smokers, combustible tobacco use increased the odds of any periodontitis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.28, 3.45) and severe periodontitis (aOR 2.62, 95% CI 1.90, 3.61). Compared to non\u2010smokers, both combustible tobacco (aOR 2.11, 95% CI 1.61, 2.76) and non\u2010combustible tobacco use (aOR 2.09, 95% CI 1.19, 3.66) increased the odds of dental caries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study of US adults, combustible tobacco use was associated with periodontitis and dental caries, while non\u2010combustible tobacco use was associated with dental caries. In addition to conducting extensive oral health screening among all smokers, oral health\u2010care providers should counsel smokers on the need for smoking cessation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.13510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,27]],"date-time":"2022-07-27T11:28:10Z","timestamp":1658921290000},"page":"1521-1527","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Association of combustible and non\u2010combustible tobacco use with clinically diagnosed adverse oral health outcomes among <scp>US<\/scp> adults, <scp>National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey<\/scp> (2009\u20132014)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9139-7645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Onyema G.","family":"Chido\u2010Amajuoyi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Texas A&amp;M University College of Medicine\/Christus Health  Houston USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Onyinye","family":"Omega\u2010Njemnobi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences University of Texas School of Public Health  Austin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chimuanya","family":"Okoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Advocate Illinois Masonic Hospital  Chicago USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chamberline","family":"Ozigbu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Policy and Management Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina  Columbia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibeawuchi","family":"Okoroafor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hepatitis and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School  Boston USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nnabuchi","family":"Anikpezie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Science University of Mississippi Medical Center  Jackson USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satomi","family":"Odani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Medicine University of Crete  Rethimno Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Israel","family":"Agaku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology Harvard School of Dental Medicine  Boston USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"The health consequences of smoking\u201450\u2009years of progress. 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