{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:02:22Z","timestamp":1777611742355,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]],"date-time":"2023-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003921","name":"Department of Health and Aged Care, Australian Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003921","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sharing injecting equipment is a major route of transmission for blood borne viruses such as hepatitis C and HIV. Although needle and syringe programs are widely available throughout metropolitan Australia, rates of sharing equipment have not significantly changed in recent years. This study aimed to identify factors associated with recent equipment sharing among people who inject drugs in Australia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A paper\u2010based survey was distributed via peer\u2010based organisations between June and November 2018 and was completed by 603 participants. Survey questions addressed recent injecting experiences, equipment sharing, community attachment, stigma and wellbeing. Participants who had recently shared injecting equipment were compared with those who had not shared any equipment using multivariable logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent equipment sharing was associated with recent heroin use, experiencing any past\u2010year stigma related to injecting drug use, and higher levels of attachment to a community of people who inject drugs. An interaction effect showed increased community attachment was associated with increased odds of sharing equipment among young participants, but with decreased odds of sharing equipment among older participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Community networks of people who inject drugs can play important roles in harm reduction initiatives. While being connected with a community of people who inject drugs increased the odds of sharing injecting equipment, this community connection also increases opportunities for social support, sharing information and mitigating the negative effects of stigma. Collaboratively and meaningfully engaging with communities of people who inject drugs has the potential to increase the reach and effectiveness of health promotion services.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.13606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]],"date-time":"2023-02-02T17:00:32Z","timestamp":1675357232000},"page":"561-568","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Factors associated with sharing equipment among people who inject drugs: The role of community attachment in harm reduction and health promotion"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4341-1868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy R.","family":"Broady","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Social Research in Health UNSW Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7453-4852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Loren","family":"Brener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Social Research in Health UNSW Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theresa","family":"Caruana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Social Research in Health UNSW Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Cama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Social Research in Health UNSW Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Treloar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Social Research in Health UNSW Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10826080600669579"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","volume-title":"A review of enablers and barriers of indigenous drug users accessing needle and syringe programs \u2010 a report for the COAG multilateral group on needle and syringe programs","author":"Urbis","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30373-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-011-0010-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60232-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","volume-title":"Australian drug trends 2022: key findings from the National Illicit Drug Reporting System (IDRS) interviews","author":"Sutherland R","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","volume-title":"Australian needle syringe program survey National Data Report 2017\u20132021: prevalence of HIV, HCV and injecting and sexual behaviour among NSP attendees","author":"Heard S","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hsc.12145"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09595239996752"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1584.2006.00775.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5172\/hesr.2012.21.3.272"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10826080500222834"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2004.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2008.12.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.18.2.19442"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1363459316660859"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9566.00189"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","volume-title":"Needle and syringe programs: a review of the evidence","author":"Dolan K","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0232218"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","volume-title":"Stigma indicators monitoring project: summary report. 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