{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T13:51:13Z","timestamp":1790171473443,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,9]],"date-time":"2023-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1103165"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1103165"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evaluating progress towards hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples is critical given the disproportionate burden of infection. We examined factors associated with current HCV infection and self\u2010reported treatment among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (hereafter referred to as Aboriginal peoples) and non\u2010Aboriginal peoples who inject drugs (PWID) in Australia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>ETHOS Engage is an observational cohort study of PWID attending drug treatment and needle and syringe programs in Australia. Participants underwent point\u2010of\u2010care HCV RNA testing (Xpert HCV RNA Viral Load Fingerstick) and completed a questionnaire including self\u2010reported history of HCV treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between May 2018 and June 2021, 2395 participants were enrolled and 555 (23%) identified as Aboriginal (median age 42\u2009years, 58% were men, 63% injected drugs in last month, 76% ever incarcerated). HCV RNA prevalence was 23% among Aboriginal PWID (24% in 2018\u20132019 and 21% in 2019\u20132021; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.44), and 21% among non\u2010Aboriginal PWID (24% in 2018\u20132019 and 16% in 2019\u20132021; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Self\u2010reported HCV treatment was 65% among Aboriginal PWID (63% in 2018\u20132019 and 69% in 2019\u20132021; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.30), and 70% among non\u2010Aboriginal PWID (67% in 2018\u20132019 and 75% in 2019\u20132021; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Among Aboriginal PWID, current HCV infection was associated with recently injecting drugs and receiving opioid agonist treatment, and self\u2010reported HCV treatment was negatively associated with younger age, homelessness and recently injecting drugs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Equitable access to HCV care and prevention is needed to ensure Australia meets its elimination targets among Aboriginal PWID.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.13723","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,9]],"date-time":"2023-08-09T17:00:23Z","timestamp":1691600423000},"page":"1617-1632","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Evaluating the prevalence of current hepatitis C infection and treatment among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples who inject drugs in Australia: The <scp>ETHOS<\/scp> engage study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Steven","family":"Hobday","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8608-2558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heather","family":"Valerio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Troy","family":"Combo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Implementation Science Group Burnet Institute  Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, University of Queensland  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Monaghan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clarke","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District, NSW Health  Penrith Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Silk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolyn","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Programs, NSW Health  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phillip","family":"Read","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Kirketon Road Centre  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NSW Users and AIDS Association  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8513-2218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louisa","family":"Degenhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Treloar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Social Research in Health University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory J.","family":"Dore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Grebely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Martinello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the ETHOS Engage Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Performance Framework 2020 summary report. 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