{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T02:55:02Z","timestamp":1764557702071,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]],"date-time":"2023-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703203200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004423","name":"World Health Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The burden related to smoking exposure is growing in many low\u2010income settings. We aimed to quantify the use of smoked and smokeless tobacco in Mozambique in 2014\/2015, and to compare the estimates with those obtained in 2005.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross sectional study was conducted in 2014\/2015 on a representative sample of the Mozambican population aged 15 to 64\u2009years, following the World Health Organization Stepwise Approach to Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance (STEPS). Prevalence estimates with 95% confidence intervals were computed for different categories of tobacco consumption. The age\u2010standardised prevalence in the age\u2010group 25\u201364\u2009years was compared with results from a STEPS survey conducted in 2005.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between 2005 and 2014\/2015, the prevalence of daily smoking decreased from 9.1% to 3.4% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) in women and from 33.6% to 27.3% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) in men. There was a significant decrease in the daily consumption of hand\u2010rolled cigarettes among women (from 3.1% to 1.4%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Among men, there was a decrease in the prevalence of daily consumption of smokeless tobacco (from 3.5% to 1.0%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In 2014\/2015, both manufactured and hand\u2010rolled cigarette consumption were more prevalent among men, while the use of smokeless tobacco was more common among women; the consumption of both hand\u2010rolled cigarettes and smokeless tobacco were more prevalent in rural settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In Mozambique, there was a decrease in the prevalence of daily smokers in both genders and of daily consumption of smokeless tobacco among men between 2005 and 2014\/2015. Efforts are needed to maintain the positive trends.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.13801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]],"date-time":"2023-12-22T15:43:12Z","timestamp":1703259792000},"page":"579-588","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Tobacco consumption in Mozambique in 2005 and 2015"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9246-589X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipa","family":"Fontes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica e Forenses e Educa\u00e7\u00e3o M\u00e9dica Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"EPIUnit\u2014Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica Universidade do Porto  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio para a Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Integrativa e Translacional em Sa\u00fade Populacional Universidade do Porto  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Oncology Nursing Research Unit IPO Porto Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto \/ Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre &amp; RISE at IPO Porto Research Center (Health Research Network)  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Suleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Psiquiatria e Sa\u00fade Mental Hospital Psiqui\u00e1trico de Nampula  Nampula Mozambique"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Silva\u2010Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade de Gest\u00e3o do Fundo Global\u2014Dire\u00e7\u00e3o de Planifica\u00e7\u00e3o e Coopera\u00e7\u00e3o Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade  Maputo Mozambique"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Celina","family":"Mate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dire\u00e7\u00e3o Nacional de Sa\u00fade Publica \u2010 Sec\u00e7\u00e3o das Doen\u00e7as n\u00e3o Transmiss\u00edveis Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade  Maputo Mozambique"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Celeste","family":"Amado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dire\u00e7\u00e3o Nacional de Sa\u00fade Publica \u2010 Sec\u00e7\u00e3o das Doen\u00e7as n\u00e3o Transmiss\u00edveis Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade  Maputo Mozambique"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Albertino","family":"Damasceno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EPIUnit\u2014Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica Universidade do Porto  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio para a Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Integrativa e Translacional em Sa\u00fade Populacional Universidade do Porto  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina Universidade Eduardo Mondlane  Maputo Mozambique"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nuno","family":"Lunet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica e Forenses e Educa\u00e7\u00e3o M\u00e9dica Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"EPIUnit\u2014Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica Universidade do Porto  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio para a Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Integrativa e Translacional em Sa\u00fade Populacional Universidade do Porto  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01169-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30752-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30819-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-012-9914-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(19)30084-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(21)00065-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/nts111"},{"volume-title":"WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2017","year":"2017","author":"World Health Organization","key":"e_1_2_8_9_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntx004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2012.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001618"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.STEPS Manual. 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