{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T11:50:24Z","timestamp":1759837824871,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]],"date-time":"2024-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SMN\u2010139148","SMN\u2010139149","SMN\u2010139150","SMN\u2010139151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SMN\u2010139148","SMN\u2010139149","SMN\u2010139150","SMN\u2010139151"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>There has been a significant increase in methamphetamine\/amphetamine use in North America, particularly among people who use opioids. Despite its association with several negative health consequences, the population of people who use methamphetamine\/amphetamine with opioids is not well characterised. The aim of this study was to investigate correlates of methamphetamine\/amphetamine use among adults with prescription\u2010type opioid use disorder (POUD) starting methadone or buprenorphine\/naloxone as part of a pragmatic randomised treatment trial in Canada.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine factors associated with baseline methamphetamine\/amphetamine use (measured by urine drug test [UDT]) among participants of a pan\u2010Canadian pragmatic trial conducted between 2017 and 2020 comparing supervised methadone versus flexible take\u2010home dosing buprenorphine\/naloxone models of care in people with POUD (e.g., licit or illicit, including fentanyl, prescribed or not).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The sample included 269 participants, of which 142 (52.8%) had positive baseline methamphetamine\/amphetamine UDT. In the multivariable model, positive fentanyl UDT (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 13.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.45, 28.30), non\u2010fatal overdose in the last 6\u2009months (AOR 2.26, CI 1.01, 5.17) and a lifetime history of opioid agonist therapy exposure prior to study entry (AOR 2.30, CI 1.09, 4.87) remained positively associated with baseline methamphetamine\/amphetamine use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this sample of people with POUD, methamphetamine\/amphetamine use was associated with markers of complex and severe OUD, including overdose risk. This suggests the need for targeted interventions to optimise treatment outcomes and prevent future overdoses in this population.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Clinical Trial Registration: Available at: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link> NCT03033732.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.13863","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]],"date-time":"2024-05-09T07:53:16Z","timestamp":1715241196000},"page":"1905-1912","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Characterising methamphetamine\/amphetamine use among opioid agonist therapy\u2010seeking adults with prescription\u2010type opioid use disorder in Canada"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Jenna","family":"Langlois","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"British Columbia Centre on Substance Use  Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia  Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4195-3284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadia","family":"Fairbairn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Columbia Centre on Substance Use  Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia  Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8474-508X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Didier","family":"Jutras\u2010Aswad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre Centre Hospitalier de l'Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al  Montr\u00e9al Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Faculty of Medicine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al  Montr\u00e9al Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Le Foll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Mental Health Policy Research Centre for Addiction and Mental Health  Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Sciences Building University of Toronto  Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Addictions Division Centre for Addiction and Mental Health  Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto  Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute Centre for Addiction and Mental Health  Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ron","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary  Calgary Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2556-7049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. 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