{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T11:30:43Z","timestamp":1774697443273,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Academy of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["354745"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["354745"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reducing alcohol affordability reduces alcohol\u2010related harm but its impact on socio\u2010economic inequalities requires further study. We examine changes in alcohol\u2010attributable mortality inequalities in Finland during periods of sharply rising (2000\u20132007) and falling (2008\u20132017) alcohol affordability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Linking individual\u2010level register data on causes of death and socio\u2010demographics for the Finnish population aged \u226525 in 2000\u20132017 (68 million person\u2010years), we analysed age\u2010standardised monthly alcohol\u2010attributable mortality rates by sex and income quintile (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200932,699 alcohol\u2010attributable deaths). Regression models were used to analyse mortality trends in the two periods, contrasting high\u2010 and low\u2010income groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inequalities in alcohol\u2010attributable mortality between low\u2010 and high\u2010income groups were large throughout the study period. During the period of rising alcohol affordability, mortality increased among high\u2010income men with an average monthly increase of 0.17% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.046). This rate was even higher among low\u2010income men, increasing by 0.55% per month, that is, +0.38 percentage points more than the rate for high\u2010income men (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002). Among women, mortality increased at similar rates in both income groups. During the period of falling alcohol affordability, mortality decreased among high\u2010income men with an average monthly decrease of \u22120.21% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and it decreased even more among low\u2010income men (\u22120.40%, i.e., \u22120.19 percentage points more, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.030). Among women, the decreases were not statistically significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results indicate that increased alcohol affordability was associated with widening socio\u2010economic inequalities while reduced affordability was linked with narrowing inequalities among men. Reducing alcohol affordability is thus a recommendable policy for reducing socio\u2010economic inequality in alcohol\u2010related harm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.13989","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]],"date-time":"2024-12-13T00:35:28Z","timestamp":1734050128000},"page":"424-433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Changes in socio\u2010economic inequality in alcohol\u2010attributable mortality in periods of increasing and decreasing alcohol affordability"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3343-2139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pia","family":"M\u00e4kel\u00e4","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elsi","family":"Lindell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31310-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(19)30231-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(20)30052-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001909"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","unstructured":"United Nations.Transforming our world: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development [Internet].2015. 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