{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T21:31:51Z","timestamp":1791840711510,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014660","name":"Society for the Study of Addiction","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014660","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Contingency management (CM), based on the principles of operant conditioning, uses positive reinforcement to promote behaviour change in individuals with substance use disorder. Research on CM has grown exponentially, with technology being used to expand the reach and scope of these interventions. The views of policy professionals and treatment providers on the remote delivery of CM are likely to play an important role in the development and application of these interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Semi\u2010structured qualitative interviews, analysed using framework analysis, were conducted with 22 UK\u2010based addiction specialists to explore their views on digital CM, including its place within UK drug and alcohol services and future developments. Participants included commissioners, policy professionals and clinicians.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>CM was widely acknowledged as an effective, scientifically grounded and appropriate treatment approach for drug treatment and recovery. While addiction specialists see CM as a powerful tool in a comprehensive addiction treatment toolkit, they identify the barriers impeding its implementation, including a lack of awareness among treatment providers, commissioning challenges, resource constraints and ethical concerns. Remote delivery of CM was considered a promising approach for overcoming some of these barriers and enhancing CM delivery and engagement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Technology needs to be integrated into clinical practice to expand the reach of treatment. While current evidence supports digital CM, concerns about digital literacy, technological barriers, resource constraints, public acceptability and political hesitancy highlight the need for further research to validate its feasibility and to explore the extent to which it should complement, rather than replace, in\u2010person treatment options.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.14046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T10:03:07Z","timestamp":1742292187000},"page":"946-960","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Addiction specialists' perspectives on digital contingency management and its role within <scp>UK<\/scp> drug and alcohol services: A qualitative exploration"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4151-7797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carol\u2010Ann","family":"Getty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Metrebian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1502-5983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanne","family":"Neale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Weaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health &amp; Social Work, Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education Middlesex University  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Strang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.05.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2006.01581.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2006.01311.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(99)00068-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","article-title":"Interventions for promoting smoking cessation during pregnancy","volume":"3","author":"Lumley J","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","first-page":"122","article-title":"Contingency management: incentives for sobriety","volume":"23","author":"Higgins ST","year":"1999","journal-title":"Alcohol Res Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/SAR.S138439"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2012.04.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.1969"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60196-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2021.108556"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40614-014-0017-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40614-019-00214-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14725"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2020.108188"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2021.101318"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000553"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jaba.800"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106201"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2020.1846023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2006.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.08.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","unstructured":"WeaverT HartJ FehlerJ MetrebianN D'AgostinoT BennP.Are Contingency Management principles being implemented in drug treatment in England? 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