{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T10:18:01Z","timestamp":1783937881439,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001537","name":"University of Auckland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3727243"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3727243"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001537","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>In New Zealand (NZ) vapes (e\u2010cigarettes) are a government\u2010endorsed strategy to help people stop smoking, as well as being used recreationally by people who have never smoked. Nicotine vapes are addictive and many users want to quit. We surveyed current and past users of nicotine vapes to gather insights about their vaping cessation reasons and strategies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In December 2022, we undertook a web\u2010based survey in NZ using market research survey panels. Eligible panellists were aged \u226516\u2009years, did not currently smoke and had vaped nicotine. Questions focused on demographics, smoking and vaping status, vaping dependence, strategies used to quit vaping, and triggers for vaping relapse.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>One thousand one hundred nineteen participants completed the survey: 144 had never smoked; 975 used to smoke, 401 currently vaped nicotine, and 718 used to vape nicotine. Participants were predominantly aged \u226525\u2009years (89%); 63% were female, and 21% were Indigenous M\u0101ori and\/or Pacific. Predictors of vaping dependence were having smoked or vaped for \u22652\u2009years and vaping &gt;3% nicotine. Reasons for trying to quit vaping included health concerns, disliking feeling dependent, and cost. Quitting strategies included stopping abruptly, nicotine tapering and family\/friend support. Triggers for relapse were stress, being around others who vaped and nicotine withdrawal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In NZ reasons to quit and triggers to return to vaping are similar to quitting smoking. Until more research is available, it seems appropriate to support people who wish to stop vaping with similar strategies used to support people to quit smoking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.14061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T08:04:38Z","timestamp":1750147478000},"page":"1394-1411","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Vaping cessation strategies and triggers for relapse amongst people from New Zealand who have vaped"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Rahimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Counselling, Human Services and Social Work University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bodo","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Communication, Journalism and Marketing Massey University  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lion","family":"Shahab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology &amp; Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamie","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology &amp; Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine Medical University of South Carolina  Charleston South Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1778-8346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joya","family":"Kemper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Canterbury Business School University of Canterbury  Christchurch New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6807-2930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris","family":"Bullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Practice and Primary Healthcare, School of Population Health The University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Laking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Te Aka M\u0101turanga Matepukupuku, Centre for Cancer Research The University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vili","family":"Nosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pacific Health, School of Population Health The University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Varsha","family":"Parag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Health Innovation, School of Population Health The University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5939-5009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalie","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social and Community Health, School of Population Health The University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"},{"name":"College of Medicine and Public Health Flinders University  Adelaide Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","volume-title":"The New Zealand guidelines for helping people to stop smoking","author":"Ministry of Health","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health.New Zealand Health Survey 2023\/24. Wellington: Ministry of Health; 2023.2023.https:\/\/www.health.govt.nz\/statistics-research\/surveys\/new-zealand-health-survey. Accessed 14 Jan 2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","unstructured":"McNeillA Simonavi\u010diusE BroseLS TaylorE EastK ZuikovaE et al.Nicotine Vaping in England: An Evidence Update Including Health Risks and Perceptions September 2022. A Report Commissioned by the Office for Health Improvement and Disparities. London: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntab148"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.13702"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)02008-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntac035"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2021.103341"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20206936"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2021.1793"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2022.107119"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2024.1313"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-023-02919-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2022.109311"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmacy9010021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","unstructured":"Health Canada.Vaping Cessation Resource. Toronto: Centre for Addiction and Mental Health.2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","unstructured":"RossL PapadakisS.Supporting clients who want to stop vaping. National Centre for Smoking Cessation and Training.2022.https:\/\/www.ncsct.co.uk\/library\/view\/pdf\/Supporting-stopping-vaping-2023.pdf. Accessed 26 May 2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","volume-title":"Guidance for health workers in Aotearoa New Zealand on supporting people to stop vaping and using vaping to stop smoking","author":"Fu J","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-22-0172"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","first-page":"117","article-title":"Reasons for stopping e\u2010cigarette use among smokers: findings from the 2018 ITC New Zealand survey","volume":"133","author":"White M","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntae074"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","unstructured":"Statistics New Zealand.New Zealand 2023 Census of Population and Dwellings.https:\/\/www.stats.govt.nz\/information-releases\/2023-census-population-counts-by-ethnic-group-age-and-maori-descent-and-dwelling-counts\/. 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