{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T02:02:13Z","timestamp":1771207333554,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760918400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Understanding how health literacy, depressive symptoms and family support for people who use drugs (PWUD) influence the perceived barriers to care is essential to helping them navigate healthcare challenges. Our study aims to explore this complex relationship among PWUD in Vietnam.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We utilised baseline data from an intervention trial conducted in three provinces of Vietnam. Multiple linear regression models were used to explore the relationships between health literacy, depressive symptoms, family support and perceived barriers to care. We also conducted interaction terms and the Wald test follow\u2010up to investigate the effect of health literacy on the association between depressive symptoms, family support and barriers to care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 690 PWUD, depressive symptom level was positively associated with perceived barriers (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.273; SE\u2009=\u20090.049;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), while family support for care (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.116; SE\u2009=\u20090.060;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001) and health literacy level (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.237; SE\u2009=\u20090.078;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) were negatively associated with perceived barriers. The association between family support for care and perceived barriers was significantly stronger among PWUD with low health literacy compared to those with high health literacy levels (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.024).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study underscores the importance of developing an intervention that integrates mental health support, family involvement and health literacy training to ensure effective care, especially among PWUD with limited health literacy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.70054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T06:49:19Z","timestamp":1761029359000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Perceived Barriers to Care Among People Who Use Drugs in Vietnam"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0897-3527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hieu Ngoc","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Training and Research on Substance Abuse and HIV Hanoi Medical University  Hanoi Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3402-142X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior University of California Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Van Thi","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology  Hanoi Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1285-3791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diep Bich","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Training and Research on Substance Abuse and HIV Hanoi Medical University  Hanoi Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Than Dang","family":"Phan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology  Hanoi Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9618-681X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thang Hong","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National 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