{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T02:02:23Z","timestamp":1771207343184,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014660","name":"Society for the Study of Addiction","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014660","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR 302923"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR 302923"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023232","name":"National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration South London","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023232","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000269","name":"Economic and Social Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UKRI861"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UKRI861"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PRCRPG\u2010Nov21\\100,002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRCRPG\u2010Nov21\\100,002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Feelings of guilt and remorse after drinking alcohol may act as barriers to seeking support. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and frequency of such feelings among adults in England who drink at increasing and higher\u2010risk levels, and differences by socio\u2010demographic and drinking subgroups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analysed data from 40,708 adults (\u2265\u200918\u2009years) who drink at increasing and higher\u2010risk levels (AUDIT\u2010C score \u2265\u20095) from a monthly cross\u2010sectional survey in England from 2014 to 2022. Feelings of guilt and remorse after drinking in the past 6\u2009months were assessed using the AUDIT. Logistic regression models were used to examine associations with socio\u2010demographic characteristics, alcohol consumption and harm to oneself or others as a result of drinking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 13.3% (95% CI 12.9%\u201313.6%) reported experiencing feelings of guilt or remorse after drinking in the past 6\u2009months. Among those who reported such feelings, 95.3% (95% CI 91.4%\u201394.9%) experienced them less than once a month. The prevalence of guilt and remorse increased non\u2010linearly with higher AUDIT\u2010C scores from 9.3% (95% CI 8.8%\u20139.9%) among\u00a0those drinking at the lightest levels within the increasing\/higher\u2010risk range [AUDIT\u2010C\u2009=\u20095] to 20.9% (95% CI 17.2%\u201324.8%) among the heaviest [AUDIT\u2010C\u2009=\u200912]. After adjusting for alcohol consumption and alcohol\u2010related injury, these feelings were more common among women (aOR 1.38; 95% CI 1.31\u20131.46) and people from more advantaged social grades (aOR 1.27; 95% CI 1.20\u20131.36), and much less common among older than younger adults (e.g., \u2265\u200965 vs. 16\u201324\u2009years: aOR 0.23; 95% CI 0.20\u20130.26).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In England, around one in eight adults who drink at increasing and higher\u2010risk levels report experiencing guilt or remorse after drinking. These feelings are more common in women, younger adults and those of a more advantaged social grade.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.70076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T00:26:46Z","timestamp":1764289606000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Feelings of Guilt and Remorse After Alcohol Consumption Among People Who Drink at Increasing and Higher\u2010Risk Levels: A Population Study in England"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8494-5105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharon","family":"Cox","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioural Science and Health University College London  London UK"},{"name":"Behavioural Research UK  Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3868-2794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa","family":"Oldham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioural Science and Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harry","family":"Tattan\u2010Birch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioural Science and Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sally","family":"Marlow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Robson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6589-299X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire","family":"Garnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5658-6168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioural Science and Health University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31310-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780199299409.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"V.Buss L.Kock andJ.Brown \u201cThe Alcohol Toolkit Study. 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