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A composite measure of illegal drug use, consisting of self\u2010reported use or positive\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UDS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , was assessed for associations with sociodemographic characteristics (age, religion, education, parental living status and biological children) and psychosocial variables (post\u2010traumatic stress disorder, mental health quality, sleep quality and transactional sex\/sex work).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 300 total participants, 44 (14.7%) self\u2010reported drug use or had positive\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UDS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      results. Khat was the most common drug detected in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UDS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      results (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200912) and from self\u2010report (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200933). The distribution of sleep quality differed; those with drug use had a higher reported percentage of fairly bad (20.5%) and very bad (13.6%) sleep quality (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002). In multivariable models, sleep quality was associated with lower odds of any drug use (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      0.45; 95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      0.26, 0.74) and transactional sex was associated with higher odds of any drug use (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      2.39; 95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1.18, 4.89).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While the prevalence of illegal drug use in this study is lower than previous research on adolescents in Uganda, targeted prevention programs highlighting the risks associated with poor sleep and transactional sex for young women living in the slums of Kampala are recommended.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.70120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T03:18:58Z","timestamp":1773026338000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Illegal Drug Use, Sleep, and Mental Health Amongst Young Women Living in the Slums of Kampala"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5270-2608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel","family":"Culbreth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"American College of Medical Toxicology  Phoenix Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3771-5272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Georgia State University  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Mobley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Data Science and Analytics, College of Computing and Software Engineering Kennesaw State University  Kennesaw Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Palmier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Virginia Commonwealth University  Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Kavuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uganda Youth Development Link  Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rogers","family":"Kasirye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uganda Youth Development Link  Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6663-3885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica H.","family":"Swahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Virginia Commonwealth University  Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"Z.Donnenfeld J.Bello\u2010Shunemann andL.Welborn \u201cDrug Demand and Use in Africa Modelling Trends to 2050. 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