{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T19:05:23Z","timestamp":1789067123664,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777248000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025894"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025894"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gabapentinoid prescribing and related harms are increasing internationally, yet population\u2010level evidence on non\u2010medical use in Australia is lacking. This study estimated the prevalence and correlates of past\u2010year non\u2010medical gabapentinoid use and examined temporal trends.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data were pooled from the 2016, 2019 and 2022\u20132023 National Drug Strategy Household Surveys (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200967,103). Analyses applied person\u2010level survey weights and accounted for the complex design. Weighted descriptive, trend and multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted, with covariates prespecified using a directed acyclic graph.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Past\u2010year non\u2010medical gabapentinoid use among Australians aged \u2265\u200914\u2009years increased from 0.06% in 2016 to 0.15% in 2022\u20132023 (Adjusted Wald\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20095.86,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.016; OR\u2009=\u20091.57, 95% CI 1.09, 2.25). Among those reporting any non\u2010medical pain medication use, the proportion involving gabapentinoids rose from 1.7% to 9.3%. Individuals reporting non\u2010medical gabapentinoid use were more likely to report chronic pain (adjusted relative risk ratio [aRRR]\u2009=\u20095.66, 95% CI 3.18, 10.08), high psychological distress (aRRR\u2009=\u20094.26, 95% CI 2.31, 7.84), and socioeconomic disadvantage (aaRRR\u2009=\u20093.45, 95% CI 1.91, 6.27), compared to those reporting no non\u2010medical pain medication use. Most (71%) also reported non\u2010medical opioid use.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although non\u2010medical gabapentinoid use remains uncommon in Australia, its prevalence is increasing. Findings are consistent with non\u2010medical use occurring in the context of unmet pain and mental health needs rather than predominantly recreational use. Enhanced prescriber awareness, harm reduction initiatives, and expanded access to non\u2010pharmacological pain and mental health care are needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.70165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T07:23:07Z","timestamp":1777274587000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prevalence and Patterns of Non\u2010Medical Gabapentinoid Use in a General Population Sample: Findings From the Australian National Drug Strategy Household Survey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7112-042X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amy G.","family":"McNeilage","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Addiction Research Centre, Eastern Health Clinical School Monash University  Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5033-6248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Addiction Research Centre, Eastern Health Clinical School Monash University  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bridin","family":"Murnion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, Faculty of Medicine and Health University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire E.","family":"Ashton\u2010James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Addiction Research Centre, Eastern Health Clinical School Monash University  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40637-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.70149"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2019.0086"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","article-title":"Gabapentin for Chronic Neuropathic Pain in Adults","volume":"6","author":"Wiffen P. 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