{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T04:00:38Z","timestamp":1790308838432,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Harm reduction policies aim to reduce drug\u2010related harms. This has historically involved providing tailored health services to people who use drugs to do so more safely. Social justice is another defining element of harm reduction.\u00a0This component aims to reduce drug\u2010related stigma and minimise the social harms experienced by people who use drugs by advocating for the decriminalisation of the possession of illicit drugs. However, the harms that occur\n                    <jats:italic>before<\/jats:italic>\n                    drugs reach a user's hands or a country's borders have received less attention in harm reduction. These harms include the environmental damage that arises from illicit drug production and the humanitarian violence many individuals experience when carrying drugs across borders to escape extreme poverty and\/or gang violence. In this debate piece, we highlight the extent of these harms and argue that they need to be considered when developing more comprehensive international approaches to harm reduction.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.70259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T10:59:44Z","timestamp":1790074784000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Out of Sight, Out of Mind: Shedding Light on Two Blind Spots in Harm Reduction Discourse"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6676-7608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Clay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre UNSW Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1984-0096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wayne","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research The University of Queensland  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09595239800187011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"Harm Reduction International \u201cWhat Is Harm Reduction\u201d(2026) https:\/\/hri.global\/what\u2010is\u2010harm\u2010reduction\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","volume-title":"Reducing the Adverse Health and Social Consequences of Drug Abuse: A Comprehensive Approach","author":"United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","unstructured":"European Union Drugs Agency \u201cHarm Reduction\u201d(2026) https:\/\/www.euda.europa.eu\/topics\/harm\u2010reduction_en."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","volume-title":"Beyond the Drug War: A Health\u2010First Approach to Global Drug Policy","author":"Drug Policy Alliance","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2014.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etdah.2022.100046"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forc.2022.100399"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2021.126462"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epm.2024.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.05.086"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315207094-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315207094-101"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42238-021-00090-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcosc.2025.1569528"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Environmental Impacts of Illicit Drug Production","volume":"4","author":"Burns\u2010Edel T.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Global Societies Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09700161.2024.2369390"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoforum.2012.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01459740.2023.2249202"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195143201.003.0019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/reveh-2016-0017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.06.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2010.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002204260203200102"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2017.00316"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-017-1962-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362480698002002007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","unstructured":"J.Freixes \u201cColombia to Reinstate Aerial Glyphosate Fumigation After Soldier Kidnappings \u201d Colombia One [Internet](2025) accessed February 18 2025 https:\/\/colombiaone.com\/2025\/09\/09\/colombia\u2010aerial\u2010fumigation\u2010glyphosate\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","volume-title":"Illicit Drug Data Report 2020\u201321","author":"Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/657496"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","volume-title":"Cocaine: From Coca Fields to the Streets","author":"Arias E. 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