{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T03:17:48Z","timestamp":1762917468847},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,15]],"date-time":"2013-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1376524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Deutsche Derma Gesell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Smoking has a negative impact on the natural history and on treatment results of many dermatological conditions. However, there are no data demonstrating a similar effect in patients with pilonidal disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Consecutive patients undergoing surgery for pilonidal disease between 1\/2004 and 3\/2012 were analyzed retrospectively. Two surgical methods were used: a minimally invasive \u201cpit\u2010picking\u201d surgery for smaller primary disease and Karydakis flap for patients presenting with larger primary disease or those who have been operated previously. The aim of the present study was to analyze the impact of smoking on the natural history and on treatment results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six hundred and ten patients underwent 660 surgeries: 475 pit\u2010picking operations and 185 Karydakis procedures. Smokers had developed a pilonidal abscess at least once during their disease significantly more often than non\u2010smokers (48% vs. 26%, p = 0.00001). The recurrence rate following the pit\u2010picking procedure was significantly increased in smokers (1\u2010year recurrence rate: 36% vs. 21%, p = 0.008). After the Karydakis procedure, smokers developed more wound complications than non\u2010smokers (29% vs. 10%, p = 0.005). The recurrence rate after the Karydakis flap was non\u2010significantly increased in smokers (9% vs. 7% at 1 year, p = 0.07).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Smoking has a detrimental effect on the natural history and on treatment results of pilonidal disease. Patients should be encouraged to cease smoking prior to pilonidal surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.12140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,15]],"date-time":"2013-08-15T16:08:26Z","timestamp":1376582906000},"page":"1001-1005","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Smoking increases the risk of pre\u2010 and postoperative complications in patients with pilonidal disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Igors","family":"Iesalnieks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Visceral Surgery Marienhospital Gelsenkirchen  Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sina","family":"Deimel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Visceral Surgery Marienhospital Gelsenkirchen  Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carl","family":"Z\u00fclke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Visceral Surgery Marienhospital Gelsenkirchen  Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans J.","family":"Schlitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University Clinic of Regensburg  Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"567","article-title":"Pilonidal disease: origin from follicles of hairs and results of follicle removal as treatment","volume":"87","author":"Bascom J","year":"1980","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2009.0710","article-title":"Smoking and obesity are associated factors in acne inversa: results of a retrospective investigation in 100 patients","volume":"19","author":"Cesko E","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-010-0812-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-008-9748-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2007.04.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00104-011-2077-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-008-9329-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800831040"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.05205.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","first-page":"84","article-title":"Detrimental effects of cigarette smoking on lower extremity wound healing","volume":"29","author":"Sherwin MA","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Foot Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0072-968X(77)80001-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00104-011-2230-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(92)90623-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Smoking and wound healing: a review","volume":"111","author":"Frick WG","year":"1994","journal-title":"Tex Dent J"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31824f632d"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.2012.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-011-9652-x"}],"container-title":["JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fddg.12140","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fddg.12140","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ddg.12140","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T05:47:52Z","timestamp":1700632072000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ddg.12140"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,15]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ddg.12140"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ddg.12140","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1610-0379","1610-0387"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1610-0379","type":"print"},{"value":"1610-0387","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,15]]}}}