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However, studies have increasingly shown that exposure to allergens is an essential prerequisite for the development of immunological tolerance.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Diagnostic workup is based on patient history, skin tests, and measurement of specific IgE antibodies. The introduction of component\u2010based diagnostic workup offer an option to differentiate between primary sensitization and cross\u2010reactivity caused by sensitization to panallergens or sensitization to cross\u2010reactive carbohydrate epitopes.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Symptomatic treatment only leads to temporary relief of allergic symptoms. By contrast, specific immunotherapy (SIT) may have long\u2010lasting therapeutic effects and potentially even result in a complete cure. The selection of allergens for SIT is guided by the principle of major allergens. It is recommended to use those preparations that have been proven safe and effective in controlled clinical studies. With respect to subcutaneous immunotherapy, a host of tested and approved extracts are available for a wide range of different allergens. Large clinical trials have also confirmed the efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy with grass and also birch pollen extracts, which has led to the official approval of some preparations containing these allergens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.12782","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,27]],"date-time":"2015-07-27T16:23:52Z","timestamp":1438014232000},"page":"747-764","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Allergy \u2013 current insights into prevention and diagnostic workup of immediate\u2010type allergy and treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Randolf","family":"Brehler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Allergology Occupational Dermatology, and Environmental Medicine, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center M\u00fcnster M\u00fcnster 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