{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T17:42:30Z","timestamp":1784569350178,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,29]],"date-time":"2015-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451347200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Deutsche Derma Gesell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The pathogenesis of hand dermatitis is multifactorial, and includes factors such as genetic predisposition and exposure. A high incidence rate is associated with female gender, contact allergy, atopic dermatitis, and wet work. The most important risk factors for the persistence of hand dermatitis include its extent, contact allergic or atopic etiology, childhood dermatitis, and early onset (before the age of 20). The cost of illness of hand dermatitis corresponds to this seen in moderate to severe psoriasis.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The diagnostic workup of hand dermatitis and its differential diagnoses requires a detailed assessment of occupational and recreational exposure. In case of possible work\u2010related triggers, early notification of the accident insurer should be sought (via the dermatologist's report). Exposure to a contact allergen is a contributing factor in one\u2010half of all cases of hand dermatitis. It is therefore imperative that all patients with hand dermatitis persisting for more than three months undergo patch testing.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Successful and sustainable treatment of hand dermatitis starts with the proper identification and elimination of individual triggers, including the substitution of identified contact allergens and irritants, as well as optimizing preventive measures. Graded therapy taking the clinical severity into account is essential. Validated instruments may be used to monitor therapeutic efficacy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.12922","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,29]],"date-time":"2015-12-29T14:35:13Z","timestamp":1451399713000},"page":"7-22","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Hand dermatitis \u2013 differential diagnoses, diagnostics, and treatment options"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Vera","family":"Mahler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital Erlangen  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_19_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.329.7457.101"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1990.tb00076.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2009.01669.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_5_1","article-title":"Pr\u00e4valenz von Handekzemen in Heidelberg und weltweit \u2013 die Heidelberger Pr\u00e4valenzstudie im Vergleich mit Ergebnissen aus der Literatur","author":"Berg S","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dissertationsschrift, Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700750"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12035"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12075"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2012.02130.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2011.02045.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_11_1","first-page":"472","article-title":"Deletion of the late cornified envelope genes LCE3B and LCE3C may promote chronic hand eczema with allergic contact dermatitis","volume":"21","author":"Molin S","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2011.01374.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2008.01317.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_14_1","first-page":"94","article-title":"Atopie und Gutachten","volume":"17","author":"Schmidt A","year":"1994","journal-title":"Allergologie"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_15_1","unstructured":"Erlenk\u00e4mperA. Sozialrecht f\u00fcr Mediziner Thieme Stuttgart 1998: 206\u201331."},{"key":"e_1_2_19_16_1","first-page":"868","article-title":"Arbeitsunfall und Berufskrankheit","author":"Sch\u00f6nberger A","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rechtliche und Medizinische Grundlagen f\u00fcr Gutachter, Sozialverwaltung, Berater und Gerichte, 8. Auflage, Erich Schmidt Verlag"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09378.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12971"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12429"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_20_1","first-page":"353","article-title":"European Environmental and Contact Dermatitis Research Group","volume":"160","author":"Diepgen TL","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hand eczema classification: a cross\u2010sectional, multicentre study of the aetiology and morphology of hand eczema. Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2001.04377.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_22_1","unstructured":"TRGS\u2010401: Gef\u00e4hrdung durch Hautkontakt. Ermittlung \u2013 Beurteilung \u2013 Ma\u00dfnahmen. Ausgabe: Juni 2008. Zuletzt berichtigt GMBI 2011 S. 175 [Nr. 9]http:\/\/www.baua.de\/de\/Themen\u2010von\u2010A\u2010Z\/Gefahrstoffe\/TRGS\/TRGS.html(zuletzt aufgerufen: 06.09.2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_19_23_1","unstructured":"Deutsche Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung Spitzenverband (DGUV). Zahlen und Fakten BK\u2010Geschehen 2013.http:\/\/www.dguv.de\/de\/Zahlen\u2010und\u2010Fakten\/BK\u2010Geschehen\/index.jsp(zuletzt aufgerufen: 06.09.2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_19_24_1","unstructured":"JohnSM SkudlikC R\u00f6merWet\u00a0al. Hautarztverfahren. Empfehlungen zur Qualit\u00e4tssicherung der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft (DDG) und der Arbeitsgemeinschaft f\u00fcr Berufs\u2010 und Umweltdermatologie (ABD). AWMF online 2010.http:\/\/www.awmf.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/Die_AWMF\/Service\/Gesamtarchiv\/QS\u2010Empfehlung\/Empfehlung_Hautarztverfahren_2010\u201012.pdf(zuletzt aufgerufen: 06.09.2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_19_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12038"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1565"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1632"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_28_1","first-page":"836","article-title":"Leitlinienkonforme Diagnostik und Therapie von beruflich bedingten Handekzemen","volume":"49","author":"Hiller J","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ergebnisse aus einem Behandlungskollektiv der h\u00f6chsten Versorgungsstufe. Arbeitsmed Sozialmed Umweltmed"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_29_1","first-page":"140","article-title":"ROQ Study Group","volume":"66","author":"Skudlik C","year":"2012","journal-title":"First results from the multicentre study rehabilitation of occupational skin diseases \u2013 optimization and quality assurance of inpatient management (ROQ). Contact Dermatitis"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1610-0387.2011.07694_suppl.x","article-title":"CARPE: ein Registerprojekt der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft (DDG) zur Charakterisierung und Versorgung des chronischen Handekzems","volume":"9","author":"Apfelbacher CJ","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Deutsch Dermatol Ges"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1976.tb02975.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_32_1","first-page":"219","article-title":"Proteinkontaktdermatitis","volume":"36","author":"Mahler V","year":"2013","journal-title":"Allergologie"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2011.02048.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2010.04001.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_35_1","unstructured":"PlewigG LandthalerM BurgdorfWHCet al. Braun\u2010Falco's Dermatologie Venerologie und Allergologie 6. Auflage Springer Medizin Verlag Heidelberg 2012. Korr. Nachdruck 2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_19_36_1","unstructured":"FroschP SchnuchA UterW. Kontaktdermatitis. Ein Leitfaden f\u00fcr die Praxis unter besonderer Ber\u00fccksichtigung von Berufsdermatosen Dustri Verlag Deisenhofen 2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_19_37_1","first-page":"519","article-title":"f\u00fcr die Arbeitsgruppe \u201eBewertung der Allergene bei BK 5101\u201c der Arbeitsgemeinschaft f\u00fcr Berufs\u2010 und Umweltdermatologie (ABD) und der Deutschen Kontaktallergie\u2010Gruppe (DKG) in der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft. Psoriasis als anlagebedingte Erkrankung in der berufsdermatologischen Beurteilung","volume":"12","author":"Mahler V","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0101814"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_39_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"Kriterien zur Beurteilung der atopischen Hautdiathese","volume":"39","author":"Diepgen TL","year":"1991","journal-title":"Dermatologie Beruf Umwelt"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_40_1","first-page":"770","article-title":"Deutsche Kontaktallergie\u2010Gruppe","volume":"6","author":"Schnuch A","year":"2008","journal-title":"Durchf\u00fchrung des Epikutantests mit Kontaktallergenen. Leitlinien der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft; Deutschen Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Allergie und klinische Immunologie. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_19_41_1","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Leitlinie Management von Handekzemen","volume":"7","author":"Diepgen P. Elsner","year":"2009","journal-title":"ICD\u201010\u2010Ziffer: L20., L23., L24., L25., L30.T.L. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"FartaschM DiepgenTL DrexlerHet\u00a0al. Berufliche Hautmittel: Hautschutz Hautpflege und Hautreinigung ICD 10: L23 L24. G\u00fcltig bis 31.10.17.http:\/\/www.awmf.org\/leitlinien\/detail\/ll\/013\u2010056.html. Zuletzt aufgerufen: 3.9.2015.","DOI":"10.5414\/DBX00244"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_43_1","unstructured":"Bornemann St. R\u00f6ckel\u2010Sch\u00fctze G. Schutzhandschuhe Positivliste. In: IFA\u2010Handbuch. Berlin: Erich\u2010Schmidt Verlag. 450 210\/1: 1\u201324."},{"key":"e_1_2_19_44_1","unstructured":"GISBAU Handschuhdatenbank.http:\/\/217.91.123.9\/handschuhe\/frmStart.aspx(zuletzt aufgerufen: 03.09.2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_19_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.12510_suppl","article-title":"Leitlinie f\u00fcr die Diagnose, Pr\u00e4vention und Behandlung des Handekzems \u2013 Kurzversion","volume":"13","author":"Diepgen TL","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_46_1","first-page":"154","article-title":"ESSCA network","volume":"72","author":"Pesonen M","year":"2015","journal-title":"Patch test results of the European baseline series among patients with occupational contact dermatitis across Europe \u2013 analyses of the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergy network, 2002\u20132010. Contact Dermatitis"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00105-008-1705-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.12371_suppl","article-title":"Neue Entwicklungen zum Thema Epikutantest \u2013 aktuelle Daten aus der Deutschen Kontaktallergie\u2010Gruppe (DKG) und Informationsverbund Dermatologischer Kliniken (IVDK)","volume":"12","author":"Mahler V","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12432"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_50_1","volume-title":"Patch Testing. Test concentrations and Vehicles for 4350 chemicals","author":"Groot A","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/ALX01765"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2010.219"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12462"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2011.07.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05861.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DER.0b013e31828afafa"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-31294-3_25"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/DBP54108"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2011.01937.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00105-014-3562-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_61_1","first-page":"A\u20102868\u201372","article-title":"Glukokortikosteroide in der Dermatologie. Kontrollierter Einsatz erforderlich","volume":"93","author":"Niedner R","year":"1996","journal-title":"Dt \u00c4rztebl"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1610-0387.2011.07787_suppl.x","article-title":"Topische Therapie des Handekzems \u2013 Analyse des Verordnungsprofils in dermatologischen Praxen","volume":"10","author":"Soost S","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2003.12053.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1999.02819.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.10030.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_66_1","unstructured":"Protopic 0 1 % Salbe. Fachinformation. Astellas. Stand der Information Juni 2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_19_67_1","article-title":"Fachinformation","author":"Creme Elidel 10 mg\/g","year":"2015","journal-title":"Meda Pharma GmbH & Co KG. Stand der Information Juni"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_68_1","first-page":"917","article-title":"Coal tar induces AHR\u2010dependent skin barrier repair in atopic dermatitis","volume":"123","author":"den Bogaard EH","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00105-008-1558-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_70_1","unstructured":"Toctino 30 mg Weichkapseln. Fachinformation. Stiefel. Stand der Information August 2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_19_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000365659"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.04.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004055"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2004.06270.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07565.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10427.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_77_1","first-page":"302","article-title":"The hand eczema severity index (HECSI): a scoring system for clinical assessment of hand eczema","volume":"152","author":"Held E","year":"2005","journal-title":"A study of inter\u2010 and intraobserver reliability. Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-1873.2006.00871.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2008.08870.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2008.01404.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12302"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1994.tb01167.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000078581"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06768.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12335"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12039"},{"key":"e_1_2_19_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.12150"}],"container-title":["JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fddg.12922","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fddg.12922","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ddg.12922","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T18:21:17Z","timestamp":1696357277000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ddg.12922"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,29]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ddg.12922"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ddg.12922","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1610-0379","1610-0387"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1610-0379","type":"print"},{"value":"1610-0387","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,29]]}}}