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Anti\u2010CTLA\u20104 and anti\u2010PD\u20101 antibodies affect the interaction between tumor, antigen\u2010presenting cells and T\u00a0lymphocytes. Clinical studies of the anti\u2010CTLA\u20104 antibody ipilimumab and the anti\u2010PD\u20101 antibodies nivolumab and pembrolizumab have provided evidence of their positive effects on overall survival in melanoma patients. Combined treatment using ipilimumab and nivolumab has been shown to achieve five\u2010year survival rates of 52\u00a0%. Such enhancement of the immune response is inevitably associated with adverse events. Knowledge of the spectrum of side effects is essential, both in terms of prevention and management. Adverse events include colitis, dermatitis, hypophysitis, thyroiditis, hepatitis and other, less common autoimmune phenomena. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in the detection and treatment of the aforementioned immune\u2010related adverse events. However, early diagnosis of rare neurological or cardiac side effects, which may be associated with increased mortality, frequently pose a challenge. The present update highlights our current understanding as well as new insights into the spectrum of side effects associated with checkpoint inhibitors and their management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.14128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]],"date-time":"2020-06-03T03:43:11Z","timestamp":1591155791000},"page":"582-609","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Side effect management during immune checkpoint blockade using CTLA\u20104 and PD\u20101 antibodies for metastatic melanoma \u2013 an update"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Katharina C.","family":"K\u00e4hler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Venereology and Allergology University Medical Center of Schleswig\u2010Holstein  Campus Kiel Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica 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