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Real\u2010world data on treatment efficacy and safety as well as cost\u2010effectiveness are still limited.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Treatment outcomes were retrospectively analyzed in a continuous patient cohort receiving adjuvant nivolumab (91 patients) or pembrolizumab (9 patients). Based on the obtained clinical data, a semi\u2010Markov model was developed to evaluate cost\u2010effectiveness.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After a median follow\u2010up of 11.5 months, disease recurrence was observed in 39 patients (39\u00a0%). The site of first recurrence was locoregional in 17, distant in 19, and combined locoregional and distant in three patients. Twelve\u2010month estimates for recurrence\u2010 and distant\u2010metastasis\u2010free survival were 64.8\u00a0% and 77.4\u00a0%, respectively. Sixteen patients experienced grade\u00a03 or 4 treatment\u2010related adverse events, while 22 patients discontinued treatment due to adverse events. The base\u2010case Markov model yielded an incremental cost\u2010effectiveness ratio of 13,330\u00a0\u20ac per quality\u2010adjusted life year for adjuvant anti\u2010PD\u20101 antibody treatment compared to a simulated observation cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Real\u2010world outcomes of adjuvant anti\u2010PD\u20101 antibody therapy in completely resected melanoma appear comparable to clinical trial data. Moreover, our data suggests this treatment strategy to be cost\u2010effective according to Austrian health economic standards.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.14511","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,13]],"date-time":"2021-07-13T15:05:47Z","timestamp":1626188747000},"page":"1186-1198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Adjuvant anti\u2010PD\u20101 antibody treatment in stage\u00a0III\/IV melanoma: real\u2010world experience and health economic considerations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Koelblinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergology Paracelsus Medical University  Salzburg Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Hoellwerth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergology Paracelsus 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