{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T17:15:05Z","timestamp":1789665305206,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]],"date-time":"2022-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Deutsche Derma Gesell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is a pemphigoid disease with predominant mucous membrane involvement. It mainly affects the mucous membranes of the mouth, eyes, nose and pharynx, but also the larynx, trachea, esophagus, genital and perianal regions. The manifestation of the disease covers a wide spectrum from gingival erythema and single oral lesions to severe tracheal strictures that obstruct breathing and conjunctival scarring with marked visual impairment and, not infrequently, blindness. In addition to a clinical picture of predominant mucosal involvement, diagnosis is based on direct immunofluorescence of a peri\u2010lesional biopsy and serology. The main target antigen is BP180 (collagen XVII), and reactivity with laminin 332 is associated with malignancy in approximately 25\u00a0% of MMP patients. The treatment of MMP is challenging. On the one hand, due to the involvement of different mucous membranes, good interdisciplinary cooperation is required; on the other hand, due to the rarity of the disease, no randomized controlled clinical trials are available. The aim of this guideline is to present the clinical picture, including severity and scoring systems, and to give guidance for diagnosing and treating this complex disease. In MMP, interdisciplinary cooperation plays an essential role as well as the prompt diagnosis and initiation of adequate therapy in order to avoid irreversible damage to the mucous membranes with serious complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.14905","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]],"date-time":"2022-11-10T10:36:05Z","timestamp":1668076565000},"page":"1530-1550","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["S2k Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of mucous membrane pemphigoid"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Silke C.","family":"Hofmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Dermatology Allergology and Dermatosurgery Helios University Hospital Wuppertal University Witten\/Herdecke"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"G\u00fcnther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Clinic for Dermatology University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara C.","family":"B\u00f6ckle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital for Dermatology Venereology and Allergology Medical University Innsbruck"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dario","family":"Didona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergology University Hospital Marburg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Ehrchen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Skin Diseases University Hospital M\u00fcnster"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Gaskins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Evidence\u2010Based Medicine Department of Dermatology Venereology and Allergology Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health  Berlin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerd","family":"Geerling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthamology University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regine","family":"Gl\u00e4ser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Venereology and Allergology University Hospital Schleswig\u2010Holstein Campus Kiel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Hadaschik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatological Department University Hospital Essen"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Hampl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dysplasia Center Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pia","family":"Ha\u00dfkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ear\u2010Nose\u2010Throat Medicine Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital Essen"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jochen","family":"Jackowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Department for Dental Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine Department and Clinic for Dental Surgery University Witten\/Herdecke"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitra","family":"Kiritsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology (Dermatological Department) University Hospital Freiburg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Nast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Evidence\u2010Based Medicine Department of Dermatology Venereology and Allergology Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health  Berlin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Pleyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin and Berlin 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L\u00fcbeck"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Goebeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatological Department University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enno","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Allergology and Venereology and Institute for Experimental Dermatology (LIED) University of L\u00fcbeck"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]]},"container-title":["JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen 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