{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T06:01:31Z","timestamp":1781244091048,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781136000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Deutsche Derma Gesell"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic oral neuropathic pain disorder. We conducted a retrospective case series of 13\u00a0postmenopausal women with primary BMS treated with low\u2010dose oral amitriptyline administered as liquid drops, allowing flexible titration to the individual minimum effective dose. Pain intensity was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS), and quality of life was measured with the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) at baseline and during follow\u2010up (6\u201312\u00a0months). Mean baseline VAS was 7.4 and mean DLQI was 13.8. Clinically meaningful improvement was observed in 92.3% of patients, with complete remission in 6 cases and \u226550% pain reduction in 6 cases. Mean final VAS decreased to 1.7 and mean DLQI to 3.2. Symptomatic relief typically occurred within 2\u20134\u00a0weeks after reaching the effective dose and was maintained during follow\u2010up. Low\u2010dose amitriptyline administered with individualized titration appears to be a safe and effective option for refractory primary BMS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.70392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T05:54:42Z","timestamp":1781243682000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Amitriptyline oral drops for the treatment of burning mouth syndrome: a case series of 13 patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0834-1331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaetano","family":"Licata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit San Antonio Abate Hospital, 91016  Trapani Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Caccavale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariachiara","family":"Arisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia University of Brescia  Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6224-5017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cesare","family":"Ariasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia University of Brescia  Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caterina Mariarosaria","family":"Giorgio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.12747","article-title":"Use of antidepressants in dentistry: a systematic review","volume":"24","author":"Lino PA","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1111\/ger.12750","article-title":"Amitriptyline effectiveness in burning mouth syndrome: an in\u2010depth case series analysis","volume":"41","author":"Gon\u00e7alves DR","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gerodontology"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14681","article-title":"Burning mouth syndrome associated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1 inhibitor","volume":"59","author":"Gambardella A","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"20","key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7282","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14207282","article-title":"Pharmacological insights into optimal dosing in burning mouth syndrome: a narrative review of the non\u2010linear actions of amitriptyline and aripiprazole","volume":"14","author":"Nagamine T","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"63","article-title":"Managing burning mouth syndrome with amitriptyline and multiwave locked system laser therapy: a case report","volume":"9","author":"Sahin MZ","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pain Med Case Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.17634","article-title":"Amitriptyline for the treatment of vulvodynia in patients with vulvar lichen sclerosus: a case series of 20 patients","volume":"64","author":"Licata G","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"}],"container-title":["JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen 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