{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T14:00:03Z","timestamp":1781618403539,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,5]],"date-time":"2013-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Digestive Endoscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Type <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content> gastric carcinoids (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIGC<\/jats:styled-content>) are associated with chronic atrophic gastritis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAG<\/jats:styled-content>) with hypergastrinemia and hyperplasia of enterochromaffin\u2010like cells. Several treatment options are currently available for these tumors including total gastrectomy, partial resection, antrectomy, endoscopic resection and endoscopic surveillance. The present study evaluated different treatment approaches and clinical outcomes of patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIGC<\/jats:styled-content> in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>apan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between 1991 and 2011, 82 patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIGC<\/jats:styled-content> were identified at multicenter institutions in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>apan. Patient demographics, tumor size, depth of invasion, vessel involvement, treatment approach, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> infection, serum gastrin level, recurrence\u2010free survival (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RFS<\/jats:styled-content>) and disease\u2010specific survival (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DSS<\/jats:styled-content>) were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Median age of all patients at the time of diagnosis was 56 years (range, 24\u221279 years). There were 44 males and 38females. Patients underwent endoscopic surveillance (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200925), endoscopic resection (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200941) or surgical resection (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200916). Intramucosal invasion was found in 19 patients, submucosal invasion in 44 patients and muscularis propria invasion in one patient. Tumor diameter was\u2009\u226410\u2009mm in 71 patients, 11\u201320\u2009mm in five patients and\u2009\u226521\u2009mm in five patients. None of the patients showed rapidly growing tumors, local recurrence or metastasis. The median (range) follow\u2010up period was 7\u2009(0\u201320) years. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RFS<\/jats:styled-content> was 97.6% and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DSS<\/jats:styled-content> was 100% in all the patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prognosis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIGC<\/jats:styled-content> patients treated by different modalities in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>apan is favorable regardless of the generational change of management for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIGC<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/den.12197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,5]],"date-time":"2013-11-05T12:47:08Z","timestamp":1383655628000},"page":"377-384","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Management and clinical outcomes of type <scp>I<\/scp> gastric carcinoid patients: <scp>R<\/scp>etrospective, multicenter study in <scp>J<\/scp>apan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yuichi","family":"Sato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences  Niigata Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Imamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endoscopy and Ultrasound, Department of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Kawasaki Medical School  Kurashiki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuharu","family":"Kaizaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Fukui Prefectural Hospital  Fukui Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wasaburo","family":"Koizumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Kitasato University School of Medicine  Sagamihara Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Ishido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Kitasato University East Hospital  Sagamihara Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Kurahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Gastroenterology Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital  Matsuyama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruhisa","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endoscopy Division National Cancer Center Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junko","family":"Fujisaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endoscopy Division, Gastrointestinal Center Cancer Institute Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsuya","family":"Hirakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Fukuoka Red Cross Hospital  Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osamu","family":"Hosokawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Yokohama Sakae Kyousai Hospital  Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masanori","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism Hiroshima University  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michio","family":"Kaminishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Showa General Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahisa","family":"Furuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Research Hamamatsu University School of Medicine  Hamamatsu Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Chiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Haruma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine Kawasaki Medical School  Kurashiki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(93)90266-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1255564"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"338","article-title":"Gastric carcinoid tumor: The biology and therapy of an enigmatic and controversial lesion","volume":"90","author":"Gilligan CJ","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. 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