{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T08:20:46Z","timestamp":1740126046135,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,28]],"date-time":"2013-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004085","name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NRF-2010-0021482"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2010-0021482"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004085","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002632","name":"Hallym University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["HHURF-2013-26"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHURF-2013-26"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002632","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Digestive Endoscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although transnasal endoscopy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNE<\/jats:styled-content>) is generally a comfortable and safe procedure, it has some disadvantages, such as complicated preprocessing and occasional repulsion reaction during catheterization. In an attempt to simplify the preprocessing method, the efficacy of a catheter\u2010free method in which a catheter is not inserted into the nasal cavity was assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study was a prospective, open\u2010label, single\u2010center, randomized controlled study with parallel assignment allocation 1:1. Between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>arch 2009 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ugust 2009, a total of 93 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNE<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010na\u00efve patients were enrolled and randomized. Patients were prospectively randomized into two groups (catheter\u2010free <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> catheter\u2010insertion method). Patients who prepared according to the catheter\u2010free method and who were unsuccessful underwent the catheter\u2010insertion method. Clinical characteristics, success rate, complications, vital signs, acceptability, and tolerability were assessed and compared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Success rates of the catheter\u2010free and catheter\u2010insertion methods were 88% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200944) and 88% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200938) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05), respectively. Causes of failure in the catheter\u2010free method included severe rhinalgia (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091, 2%) and narrowing of the nasal cavity (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095, 10%). Causes of failure in the catheter\u2010insertion method included narrowing of the nasal cavity (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095, 11%). Six patients whose <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNE<\/jats:styled-content> failed with the catheter\u2010free method also experienced failed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNE<\/jats:styled-content> with the catheter\u2010insertion method. There were no statistical differences in vital signs, acceptability, and tolerability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The catheter\u2010free method is sufficient for preparation for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNE<\/jats:styled-content>. The success rate of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNE<\/jats:styled-content> depends more on the structure of the nasal cavity than the preprocessing method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/den.12209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,28]],"date-time":"2013-11-28T09:27:04Z","timestamp":1385630824000},"page":"385-391","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Catheter\u2010free method is sufficient for preparation for transnasal endoscopy: <scp>R<\/scp>andomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yong Sub","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Hallym University College of Medicine  Chuncheon Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chang Seok","family":"Bang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Hallym University College of Medicine  Chuncheon Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ki Tae","family":"Suk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Hallym University College of Medicine  Chuncheon Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoon Hyeong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Hallym University College of Medicine  Chuncheon Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young Lim","family":"Ham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medical Technology Daewon University College  Jecheon Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hotaik","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Stanford University  Stanford USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji Soo","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Hallym University College of Medicine  Chuncheon Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Won Woo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Hallym University College of Medicine  Chuncheon Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jung Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Hallym University College of Medicine  Chuncheon Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyun Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine  Wonju Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong Jun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine  Wonju Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min Sang","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Hallym University College of Medicine  Chuncheon Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4253\/wjge.v4.i4.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i2.245"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-41513"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(99)70003-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(99)70001-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.15.5586"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4318\/tjg.2011.0207"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-921037"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(96)70092-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.50.4361"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2008.02.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mge.2003.59"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(03)02526-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"339","article-title":"Patients' perception of transnasal gastroscopy","volume":"49","author":"Luman W","year":"2008","journal-title":"Singapore Med. 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