{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T02:59:46Z","timestamp":1768273186278,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,24]],"date-time":"2015-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1424736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Digestive Endoscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We report a rare case of polypoid leiomyosarcoma of the esophagus that was treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ESD<\/jats:styled-content>). A 63\u2010year\u2010old man with complaints of progressive dysphagia was referred to Hyogo Cancer Center for treatment of esophageal tumor. Esophagoscopy revealed a polypoid tumor 25\u2009mm in diameter on the left side of the upper esophagus. Despite several biopsy specimens, the diagnosis could not be confirmed. Computed tomography showed a protruded, homogeneously enhancing mass in the upper esophagus, but no lymph node enlargement or metastasis. After 1.5 months, the esophagogram showed a filling defect 47\u2009mm in diameter in the upper esophagus. Given this rapid tumor growth, en bloc resection was done by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ESD<\/jats:styled-content> for therapeutic diagnosis. After this treatment, the tumor seemed to grow larger, showing a short stalk and occupying the esophageal lumen. Histopathologically, the tumor comprised pleomorphic spindle cells with mitosis. Tumor invasion involved the lumina propria mucosae and contact with the muscularis mucosae, but not involving the submucosa. Immunohistochemical examination showed positive staining for smooth muscle actin and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HHF35<\/jats:styled-content>, but negative for desmin, caldesmon, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD34<\/jats:styled-content>, c\u2010kit, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DOG1<\/jats:styled-content>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALK<\/jats:styled-content>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010100 protein and cytokeratin. These histopathological findings were compatible with a diagnosis of esophageal leiomyosarcoma derived from the muscularis mucosae.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/den.12437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,19]],"date-time":"2015-01-19T11:17:44Z","timestamp":1421666264000},"page":"700-703","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Polypoid leiomyosarcoma of the esophagus treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Yoshinobu","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hyogo Cancer Center  Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hogara","family":"Nishisaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Kaibara Hospital  Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010ichiro","family":"Koma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine  Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Sawai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hyogo Cancer Center  Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aya","family":"Sakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hyogo Cancer Center  Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Mimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hyogo Cancer Center  Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saeko","family":"Kushida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hyogo Cancer Center  Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hidetaka","family":"Tsumura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hyogo Cancer Center  Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Sakamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hyogo Cancer Center  Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazutoshi","family":"Tobimatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hyogo Cancer Center  Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ikuya","family":"Miki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hyogo Cancer Center  Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshiko","family":"Sakuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Pathology Hyogo Cancer Center  Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Tsuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hyogo Cancer Center  Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Mano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Osaka Medical Center  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takanori","family":"Hirose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Pathology Hyogo Cancer Center  Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideto","family":"Inokuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hyogo Cancer Center  Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.81.6.761"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-2050.2003.00298.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(98)00684-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2012.01444.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10388-008-0155-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04425.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1902.62480060030001i"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","first-page":"371","article-title":"Leiomyosarcoma of the esophagus","volume":"90","author":"Patel SR","year":"1990","journal-title":"N. 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