{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T22:41:37Z","timestamp":1773268897677,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,5]],"date-time":"2016-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Digestive Endoscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>A reproducible <jats:italic>in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic> swine model of bile duct dilation (BDD) was recently established and reported for preclinical testing of newly developed biliary devices or endoscopic techniques. The aim of the present study was to develop a more advanced large animal model in which it is possible to direct examination of the biliary tree.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six mini pigs were prepared for the study. BDD models were first made by closure of the Vater's ampulla in all swine. Then endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (EPBD) was done in the animals. Feasibility of single\u2010operator peroral cholangioscopy without assistance of accessories was evaluated using an ultra\u2010slim upper endoscope in the animals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>EPBD could be implemented using a dilation balloon catheter (10~13.5\u00a0mm) in all BDD models (6\/6, 100%). Success rate of freehand direct insertion of an ultra\u2010slim endoscope into the common bile duct was 100% (6\/6), and access to the common hepatic duct with examination was possible using direct peroral cholangioscopy in five animals (5\/6, 83.3%). None of the animals died. In the cholangioscopic examination, a bile duct polyp and a benign biliary stricture occurred naturally, respectively, in two of the six swine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>An <jats:italic>in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic> swine model of biliary dilatation\u2010based direct peroral cholangioscopy was established. This novel animal model may be useful for preclinical research of new materials or devices because direct visualization of the biliary tree is feasible.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/den.12624","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,2]],"date-time":"2016-02-02T21:47:45Z","timestamp":1454449665000},"page":"592-598","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Development of an <i>in\u00a0vivo<\/i> swine model of biliary dilatation\u2010based direct peroral cholangioscopy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Jin\u2010Seok","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Disease Center, Department of Internal Medicine Inha University School of Medicine  Incheon South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seok","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Disease Center, Department of Internal Medicine Inha University School of Medicine  Incheon South Korea"},{"name":"The National Center of Efficacy Evaluation for the Development of Health Products Targeting Digestive Disorders (NCEED)  Incheon South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chang\u2010Il","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Disease Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center Cha University  Seongnam South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyun Jong","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine  Bucheon South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong Hee","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital Hallym University School of Medicine  Hwaseong South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae Hee","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Gil Medical Center Gachon University  Incheon South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jong Jin","family":"Hyun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine Korea Univeristy Ansan Hospital, Korea University School of Medicine  Ansan South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jong\u2010Ho","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine  Bucheon South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Don Haeng","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Disease Center, Department of Internal Medicine Inha University School of Medicine  Incheon South Korea"},{"name":"The National Center of Efficacy Evaluation for the Development of Health Products Targeting Digestive Disorders (NCEED)  Incheon South Korea"},{"name":"Utah\u2010Inha DDS &amp; Advanced Therapeutics Research Center  Incheon South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DeviereJ Nageshwar ReddyD PuspokA et al. 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