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It is widely accepted that tumorigenesis is linked to specific alterations in key genes and pancreatic neoplasms are some of the best characterized at the genomic level. Recent whole\u2010exome and whole\u2010genome sequencing analyses confirmed that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDAC<\/jats:styled-content> is frequently characterized by mutations in a set of four genes among others: <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KRAS<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TP<\/jats:styled-content>53<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDKN<\/jats:styled-content>2A<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>p16<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMAD<\/jats:styled-content>4<\/jats:italic>. Sequencing, for example, is the preferable technique available for detecting <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KRAS<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> mutations, whereas <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> immunochemistry is the main approach for detecting <jats:italic>TP53<\/jats:italic> gene alteration. Nevertheless, the diagnosis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDAC<\/jats:styled-content> is still a clinical challenge, involving adequate acquisition of endoscopic ultrasound (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EUS<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010guided fine\u2010needle aspiration (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FNA<\/jats:styled-content>) and specific pathological assessment from tissue architecture to specific biomolecular tests. The aim of the present review is to provide a complete overview of the current knowledge of the biology of pancreatic cancer as detected by the latest biomolecular techniques and, moreover, to propose a paradigm for strict teamwork collaboration in order to improve the correct use of diagnostic sources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/den.12845","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,12]],"date-time":"2017-02-12T02:36:39Z","timestamp":1486866999000},"page":"657-666","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Team work and cytopathology molecular diagnosis of solid pancreatic lesions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Carlo","family":"Fabbri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy AUSL Bologna Bellaria\u2010Maggiore Hospital Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Gibiino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Pathology Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division Policlinico Universitario A. 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