{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T10:46:53Z","timestamp":1789469213875,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]],"date-time":"2022-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Digestive Endoscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Many studies showed better outcomes of endoscopic ultrasound\u2010guided gallbladder drainage (EUS\u2010GBD) when compared with percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (P\u2010GBD) in which most tubes were left in\u00a0situ. However, no studies have directly compared EUS\u2010GBD with P\u2010GBD after tube removal (ex situ). We compared the long\u2010term outcomes of EUS\u2010GBD and ex situ or in\u00a0situ P\u2010GBD in high surgical risk patients with acute cholecystitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We reviewed the records of 182 patients (EUS\u2010GBD, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a075; P\u2010GBD, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0107) who underwent gallbladder drainage. The procedural outcomes, long\u2010term outcomes, and adverse events were compared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The EUS\u2010GBD group and the P\u2010GBD group had similar rates of technical and clinical success. Early adverse events were less common in the EUS\u2010GBD group (5.5% vs. 18.9%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.010). The long\u2010term outcomes were evaluated in 168 patients (EUS\u2010GBD, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a067; P\u2010GBD ex situ, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a084; P\u2010GBD in\u00a0situ, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a017). The rate of cholecystitis recurrence in the EUS\u2010GBD group (6.0%) was similar to that in the P\u2010GBD ex situ group (9.6%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.422), but significantly lower than that in the P\u2010GBD in\u00a0situ group (23.5%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.049). P\u2010GBD in\u00a0situ was a significant predictor of recurrent cholecystitis (hazard ratio 14.6; 95% confidence interval 2.9\u201372.8).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The long\u2010term recurrence rate of acute cholecystitis in patients who underwent EUS\u2010GBD was comparable to that in patients whose P\u2010GBD could be removed. However, patients in whom P\u2010GBD could not be removed showed higher rates of recurrent cholecystitis than patients with EUS\u2010GBD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/den.14485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T07:09:34Z","timestamp":1669360174000},"page":"658-667","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Long\u2010term outcomes of endoscopic ultrasound\u2010guided gallbladder drainage versus in\u00a0situ or ex situ percutaneous gallbladder drainage in real\u2010world practice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8664-4090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Hyun","family":"Cho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul South 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Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heung\u2010Kyu","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Do Hyun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong\u2010Wan","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung Koo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Asan 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