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Although less invasive interventions such as endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)\u2010guided drainage and endoscopic necrosectomy are selected over surgical interventions, delayed and step\u2010up interventions are still preferred to avoid procedure\u2010related adverse events. However, there is a controversy about the appropriate timing of drainage and subsequent necrosectomy. The advent of large\u2010caliber lumen\u2010apposing metal stents has also brought about potential advantages of proactive interventions, which still needs investigation in future trials. When step\u2010up interventions of necrosectomy and additional drainage are necessary, a structured or protocoled approach for WON has been reported to improve safety and effectiveness of endoscopic and\/or percutaneous treatment, but has not been standardized yet. Finally, long\u2010term outcomes such as recurrence of WON, pancreatic endocrine, and exocrine function are increasingly investigated in association with disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome. 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