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The present study therefore investigated symbolic numerical magnitude processing in two genetic syndromes that are both characterized by mathematical learning disabilities: Turner syndrome and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DS<\/jats:styled-content>). We further verified whether the phenotypic outcomes of these syndromes emerged from the same or different cognitive processes and therefore examined whether numerical impairments were related to working memory deficits, often observed in these syndromes. Participants were 24 girls with Turner syndrome, 25 children with 22q11<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DS<\/jats:styled-content> and 48 well\u2010matched typically developing control children. All children completed a symbolic numerical magnitude comparison task and four additional working memory tasks. Both groups of children with genetic syndromes showed similar impairments in symbolic numerical magnitude processing compared to typically developing controls. Importantly, in Turner syndrome, group differences in symbolic numerical magnitude processing disappeared when their difficulties in visual\u2010spatial working memory were taken into account. In contrast, the difficulties in 22q11<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DS<\/jats:styled-content> were not explained by poor visual\u2010spatial working memory. These data suggest that different factors underlie the symbolic numerical magnitude processing impairments in both patient groups with mathematical learning disabilities and highlight the value of cross\u2010syndrome comparisons for understanding different pathways to mathematical learning disabilities or dyscalculia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12458","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,17]],"date-time":"2016-10-17T05:35:23Z","timestamp":1476682523000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Numerical magnitude processing impairments in genetic syndromes: a cross\u2010syndrome comparison of Turner and 22q11.2 deletion syndromes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Carmen","family":"Brankaer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Parenting and Special Education Research Unit Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Leuven 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