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Dyslexia is genetically transmitted, but its manifestation in a particular individual is thought to depend on the interaction of epigenetic and environmental factors. We adopt a novel interactional perspective on early linguistic environment and dyslexia by simultaneously studying two pre\u2010existing factors, one maternal and one infant, that may contribute to these interactions; and two behaviours, one maternal and one infant, to index the effect of these factors. The <jats:italic>maternal factor<\/jats:italic> is whether mothers are themselves dyslexic or not (with\/without dyslexia) and the <jats:italic>infant factor<\/jats:italic> is whether infants are at\u2010\/not\u2010at family risk for dyslexia (due to their mother <jats:italic>or<\/jats:italic> father being dyslexic). The maternal behaviour is mothers\u2019 infant\u2010directed speech (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IDS<\/jats:styled-content>), which typically involves vowel hyperarticulation, thought to benefit speech perception and language acquisition. The infant behaviour is auditory perception measured by infant sensitivity to amplitude envelope rise time, which has been found to be reduced in dyslexic children. Here, at\u2010risk infants showed significantly poorer acoustic sensitivity than not\u2010at\u2010risk infants and mothers only hyperarticulated vowels to infants who were not at\u2010risk for dyslexia. Mothers\u2019 own dyslexia status had no effect on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IDS<\/jats:styled-content> quality. Parental speech input is thus affected by infant risk status, with likely consequences for later linguistic development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,27]],"date-time":"2016-10-27T05:52:39Z","timestamp":1477547559000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Mothers speak differently to infants at\u2010risk for dyslexia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Marina","family":"Kalashnikova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development Western Sydney University Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Usha","family":"Goswami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuroscience in Education University of Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Burnham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development Western Sydney University Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics.http:\/\/www.abs.gov.au."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"Boersma P. &Weenink D.(2005).Praat: Doing phonetics by computer (Version 4.3. 14). 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