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This paper examines the profile of phonological and morphological awareness in poor readers and children with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OM<\/jats:styled-content>. Thirty\u2010three poor readers were compared to individually matched chronological age and reading age controls. Their phonological awareness and morphological awareness skills were consistently at the level of reading age matched controls. Unexpectedly, a significant minority (25%) of the poor readers had some degree of undiagnosed mild or very mild hearing loss. Twenty\u2010nine children with a history of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OM<\/jats:styled-content> and their matched controls completed the same battery of tasks. They showed relatively small delays in their literacy and showed no impairment in morphological awareness but had phonological awareness scores below the level of reading age matched controls. Further analysis suggested that this weakness in phonological awareness was carried by a specific weakness in segmenting and blending phonemes, with relatively good performance on phoneme manipulation tasks. Results suggest that children with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OM<\/jats:styled-content> show a circumscribed deficit in phoneme segmentation and blending, while poor readers show a broader metalinguistic impairment which is more closely associated with reading difficulties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,7]],"date-time":"2017-09-07T13:23:38Z","timestamp":1504790618000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Not all phonological awareness deficits are created equal: evidence from a comparison between children with Otitis Media and poor readers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3614-6883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia M.","family":"Carroll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Psychology Behaviour and Achievement Coventry University  Coventry UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3050-8908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen L.","family":"Breadmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Psychology Behaviour and Achievement Coventry University  Coventry UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"Automated working memory assessment manual","author":"Alloway T.P.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00437956.1958.11659661"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3102\/0034654309359353"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/271746a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0142716416000072"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10888438.2016.1246554"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022219411407863"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","unstructured":"British Society of Audiology(2011).Recommended procedure: Pure\u2010tone air\u2010conduction and bone\u2010conduction threshold audiometry with and without masking. 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