{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T04:50:53Z","timestamp":1790743853060,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,5]],"date-time":"2018-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1520208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HD067312"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HD067312"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Developmental Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A functional region of left fusiform gyrus termed \u201cthe visual word form area\u201d (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VWFA<\/jats:styled-content>) develops during reading acquisition to respond more strongly to printed words than to other visual stimuli. Here, we examined responses to letters among 5\u2010 and 6\u2010year\u2010old early kindergarten children (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 48) with little or no school\u2010based reading instruction who varied in their reading ability. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">fMRI<\/jats:styled-content>) to measure responses to individual letters, false fonts, and faces in left and right fusiform gyri. We then evaluated whether signal change and size (spatial extent) of letter\u2010sensitive cortex (greater activation for letters versus faces) and letter\u2010specific cortex (greater activation for letters versus false fonts) in these regions related to (a) standardized measures of word\u2010reading ability and (b) signal change and size of face\u2010sensitive cortex (fusiform face area or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FFA<\/jats:styled-content>; greater activation for faces versus letters). Greater letter specificity, but not letter sensitivity, in left fusiform gyrus correlated positively with word reading scores. Across children, in the left fusiform gyrus, greater size of letter\u2010sensitive cortex correlated with lesser size of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FFA<\/jats:styled-content>. These findings are the first to suggest that in beginning readers, development of letter responsivity in left fusiform cortex is associated with both better reading ability and also a reduction of the size of left <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FFA<\/jats:styled-content> that may result in right\u2010hemisphere dominance for face perception.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,5]],"date-time":"2018-03-05T10:46:49Z","timestamp":1520246809000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Early development of letter specialization in left fusiform is associated with better word reading and smaller fusiform face area"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9889-334X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tracy M","family":"Centanni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McGovern Institute for Brain Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychology Texas Christian University  Fort Worth Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth S","family":"Norton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGovern Institute for Brain Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Roxelyn and Richard Pepper Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences Northwestern University  Evanston Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGovern Institute for Brain Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara D","family":"Beach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGovern Institute for Brain Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology  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