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However, studies have primarily examined<jats:italic>perceived<\/jats:italic>patterns of cooperation, with little eye to<jats:italic>actual<\/jats:italic>cooperative behavior embedded within social interaction. Game\u2010theoretical paradigms can help close this gap by unpacking subtle differences in how cooperation unfolds during initial encounters. This study is the first to use a child\u2010appropriate, virtual, public goods game to study<jats:italic>actual<\/jats:italic>cooperative behavior in 329 participants aged 9\u201316\u00a0years with histories of maltreatment (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a099) and no maltreatment (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0230) while controlling for psychiatric symptoms. Unlike work on perceived patterns of cooperation, we found that maltreated participants actually contribute more resources to a public good during peer interaction than their nonmaltreated counterparts. This effect was robust when controlling for psychiatric symptoms and peer problems as well as demographic variables. We conclude that maltreatment may engender a hyper\u2010cooperative strategy to minimize the odds of hostility and preserve positive interaction during initial encounters. This, however, comes at the cost of potential exploitation by others.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12765","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,17]],"date-time":"2018-10-17T14:26:53Z","timestamp":1539786413000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Getting less than their fair share: Maltreated youth are hyper\u2010cooperative yet vulnerable to exploitation in a public goods game"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5001-0659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Keil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany"},{"name":"Department of Social Monitoring and Methodology German Youth Institute Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7916-4037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonja","family":"Perren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Empirical Educational Research University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany"},{"name":"Thurgau University of Teacher Education Kreuzlingen Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3137-4438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Schlesier\u2010Michel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany"},{"name":"Department of Developmental Psychology Friedrich\u2010Schiller\u2010University of Jena Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3246-5833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio","family":"Sticca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Education University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9849-6141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan","family":"Sierau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany"},{"name":"Department for Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8246-4666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annette M.","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8650-4725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolaus","family":"Steinbeis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Psychology Leiden University Leiden The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3010-5121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"von Klitzing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7185-9929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars O.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40473-017-0113-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0024892"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2007.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","volume-title":"The evolution of cooperation","author":"Axelrod R. 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