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We tested for long\u2010term, higher order visual processing problems in the oldest known prospectively followed cohort of ELBW survivors. Configural processing (spacing among features of an object) was examined in 62 adults born at ELBW (<jats:italic>M<jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a031.9\u00a0years) and 82 adults born at normal birth weight (NBW; \u22652,500\u00a0g: <jats:italic>M<jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a032.5\u00a0years). Pairs of human faces, monkey faces, or houses were presented in a delayed match\u2010to\u2010sample task, where non\u2010matching stimuli differed only in the spacing of their features. Discrimination accuracy for each stimulus type was compared between birth weight groups, adjusting for neurosensory impairment, visual acuity, binocular fusion ability, IQ, and sex. Both groups were better able to discriminate human faces than monkey faces (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001). However, the ELBW group discriminated between human faces (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>001), between monkey faces (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>001), and to some degree, between houses (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.06), more poorly than NBW control participants, suggesting a general deficit in perceptual processing. Human face discrimination was related to performance IQ (PIQ) across groups, but especially among ELBW survivors. Coding (a PIQ subtest) also predicted human face discrimination in ELBW survivors, consistent with previously reported links between visuo\u2010perceptive difficulties and regional slowing of cortical activity in individuals born preterm. Correlations with Coding suggested ELBW survivors may have used a feature\u2010matching approach to processing human faces. Future studies could examine brain\u2010based anatomical and functional evidence for altered face processing, as well as the social and memory consequences of face\u2010processing deficits in ELBW survivors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12890","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,27]],"date-time":"2019-07-27T10:38:06Z","timestamp":1564223886000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Visual configural processing in adults born at extremely low birth weight"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Karen J.","family":"Mathewson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daphne","family":"Maurer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catherine J.","family":"Mondloch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Brock University St. Catharines ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saroj","family":"Saigal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan J.","family":"Van Lieshout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louis A.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.24.3264"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(03)00178-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-0608"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0029298"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jecp.1995.1009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2009.02376.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2012.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00791"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intell.2006.07.007"},{"volume-title":"Anthropometry of the head and face in medicine","year":"1981","author":"Farkas L. 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