{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T20:40:55Z","timestamp":1769632855005,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82071070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071070"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Developmental Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>To reveal the formation process of speech processing with early hearing experiences, we tracked the development of functional connectivity in the auditory and language\u2010related cortical areas of 84 (36 female) congenitally deafened toddlers using repeated functional near\u2010infrared spectroscopy for up to 36 months post cochlear implantation (CI). Upon hearing restoration, the CI children lacked the modular organization of the mature speech\u2010processing network and demonstrated a higher degree of immaturity in temporo\u2010parietal than temporo\u2010frontal connections. The speech\u2010processing network appeared to form rapidly with early CI experiences, with two\u2010thirds of the developing connections following nonlinear trajectories reflecting possibly more than one synaptogenesis\u2010pruning cycle. A few key features of the mature speech\u2010processing network emerged within the first year of CI hearing, including left\u2010hemispheric advantage, differentiation of the dorsal and ventral processing streams, and functional state (speech listening vs. resting) specific patterns of connectivity development. The developmental changes were predictable of future auditory and verbal communication skills of the CI children, with prominent contribution from temporo\u2010parietal connections in the dorsal stream, suggesting a mediating role of speech\u2010processing network formation with early hearing experiences in speech acquisition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.13568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T13:29:36Z","timestamp":1729085376000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Speech\u2010Processing Network Formation of Cochlear\u2010Implanted Toddlers With Early Hearing Experiences"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8045-9692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meiyun","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haotian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Peking University First Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9741-6244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuyang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chaogang","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Peking University First Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuhe","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Xuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"742","article-title":"Speech Intelligibility in Children After Cochlear Implantation","volume":"19","author":"Allen M. C.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Otology & Neurotology"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"312","article-title":"Categories of Auditory Performance","volume":"166","author":"Archbold S.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology Supplement"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6623091"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.21818"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1357650X.2021.1898415"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2013.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24974"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2013.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhw238"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2234-15.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen H. J.Liu Y.Chen et al.2021. \u201cDevelopmental Heatmaps of Brain Functional Connectivity From Newborns to 6\u2010Year\u2010Olds.\u201d50:100976.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2021.100976"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.10.069"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-04819-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-823493-8.00020-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhv082"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-1421-6_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3980-15.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.11.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-021-00507-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00006.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhu088"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858416635986"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-019-01753-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24457"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2113"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5618-09.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26316"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.929199"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2013.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-080317-061513"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000046845"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhh156"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2008.05.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.06.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1102991108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.06.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2331"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.22.11800"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2019.100682"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2016.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhab415"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2011.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.18.10.105004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2010.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12948"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","first-page":"521","article-title":"Evaluating Factors Associated With Paediatric Cochlear Implant Outcome in Four Cochlear Implant Satellite Centres in Malaysia","volume":"77","author":"Tengku Kamalden T. M. I.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medical Journal of Malaysia"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2891-18.2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-06340-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhy313"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhac025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23833"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2020.00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2008530117"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhab094"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2021.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","volume-title":"Infant\u2010Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale","author":"Zimmerman\u2010Phillips S.","year":"1997"}],"container-title":["Developmental Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/desc.13568","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T16:21:14Z","timestamp":1744302074000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/desc.13568"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/desc.13568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/desc.13568","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1363-755X","1467-7687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1363-755X","type":"print"},{"value":"1467-7687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-09-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13568"}}