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We observed a sample of 20 preschool children (10 female, 10 male;\n                    <jats:italic>M\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00b1\u00a0\n                    <jats:italic>SD\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                    =\u00a03.95\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.82 years) in groups of three children each. Friendship among children was assessed, and friend dyads were paired either with a mutual friend (\n                    <jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                    =\u00a012 groups) or with a mutually disliked peer (\n                    <jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                    =\u00a011 groups). We used a ceiling\u2010mounted camera to record 10\u2010min free play sessions of the 23 groups and used an automated keypoint tracking software to extract children's locations over time from the videos. From this data, we derived the following measures for each dyad within the group: distance, social orientation, and paired correlations of children's position and speed. Additionally, a human rater coded all occurrences of social interactions in the videos. Automated measures reliably predicted the occurrence of children's social interactions, validating our choice of spatial and temporal features. Friend dyads were closer, oriented more toward each other, and showed higher position and speed correlations than non\u2010friends. Social orientation and speed correlation varied over time, and speed correlation increased in mixed\u2010group contexts, especially among friends. These findings highlight the value of tracking\u2010based approaches for detecting both fine\u2010grained interactive behavior and affiliative ties, offering key insights into the spatial dynamics of young children's peer interactions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.70241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T17:51:18Z","timestamp":1781805078000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Decoding Preschool Social Dynamics: Automated Tracking of Spatial and Temporal Patterns to Investigate Social Interactions and Relationships in Peer Groups"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1092-0137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela","family":"Markova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Institute for Early Life Care Paracelsus Medical Private University  Salzburg Austria"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University Hospital Salzburg Paracelsus Medical Private University  Salzburg Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5569-9056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jozsef","family":"Arato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vienna Cognitive Science Hub University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Department of Cognitive Science Budapest University of Technology and Economics  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4790-3307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruzena","family":"Ceral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7954-2261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maximilian","family":"Hofbauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Loopbio GmbH  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7522-4426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cliodhna","family":"Quigley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9586-915X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Horn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.13237"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01531420"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Allen M. 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