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Using a cross\u2010sectional design, we examined these associations in 1446 Chinese children aged 8\u201311\u00a0years. Residential greenspace and built\u2010up exposure were quantified within 300\u2010m residential buffers using land\u2010cover data. EF was assessed using tasks indexing working memory (span and updating), response inhibition, conflict inhibition, and cognitive flexibility. Linear mixed\u2010effects models and complementary network analyses, both accounting for measured covariates, were used to characterize exposure\u2010EF associations. Greenspace exposure showed the clearest and most consistent positive associations with working memory measures and was also associated with better cognitive flexibility; associations with inhibition were less consistent. Built\u2010up exposure showed a more limited pattern of inverse associations, concentrated primarily in working memory. Across both analytical approaches, working memory emerged as the EF component most consistently associated with residential environmental exposure. This cross\u2010method convergence highlights the importance of considering domain\u2010specific patterns in environment\u2010cognition associations and suggests that child\u2010focused neighborhood planning may benefit from considering greenspace and built\u2010up exposure jointly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.70288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T13:26:51Z","timestamp":1790256411000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Differential Associations of Residential Greenspace and Built\u2010Up Exposure With Children's Executive Function Components: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6060-8185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongbo","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Northwest Normal University  Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9585-8306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Northwest Normal University  Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.01579"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2025.102632"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467\u20109280.2008.02225.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2012.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bs4040394"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467\u20108624.2010.01499.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003213"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010psych\u2010010814\u2010015221"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borsboom D. 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