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We also introduce the latest findings and discuss future issues for clinical application. Neuroectodermal progenitors are induced from pluripotent stem cells by strictly removing exogenous patterning factors during the early differentiation period. The induced progenitors differentiate into rostral hypothalamic neurons, in particular magnocellular vasopressin<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u00a0neurons. In three\u2010dimensional cultures, ES\/iPS cells differentiate into hypothalamic neuroectoderm and nonneural head ectoderm adjacently. Rathke\u2019s pouch\u2010like structures self\u2010organize at the interface between the two layers and generate various endocrine cells, including corticotrophs and somatotrophs. Our next objective is to sophisticate our stepwise methodology to establish a novel transplantation treatment for hypopituitarism and apply it to developmental disease models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/dgd.12719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]],"date-time":"2021-03-04T17:39:00Z","timestamp":1614879540000},"page":"154-165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Hypothalamic\u2013pituitary organoid generation through the recapitulation of organogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Hajime","family":"Ozaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya 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