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In this study, we elucidated the role of a novel astacin metalloproteinase,\n                    <jats:italic>Pp<\/jats:italic>\n                    MC5, tethered to the membrane of mesenchyme cells.\n                    <jats:italic>PpMC5<\/jats:italic>\n                    knockdown by injection of morpholino oligo (MO) into the oocyte inhibited normal growth throughout the bipinnaria stage and caused a dwarfed phenotype consisting of reduced cell number and size, developmental delay, and cell debris in the blastocoel. When transforming growth factor \u03b2,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>P.\u2009pectinifera<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010specific\n                    <jats:italic>TGFb<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene (\n                    <jats:italic>Pp<\/jats:italic>\n                    TGFb) preincubated with dissociated\n                    <jats:italic>PpMC5<\/jats:italic>\n                    control larval cells was injected into the blastocoel of\n                    <jats:italic>PpMC5<\/jats:italic>\n                    morphants, their dwarfism was significantly rescued.\n                    <jats:italic>PpTGFb<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010MO oocyte injection alone only decreased the cell number. Transmission electron microscopy revealed thickening of the basal lamina, oncosis, and apoptosis in\n                    <jats:italic>PpMC5<\/jats:italic>\n                    morphants. Overall, these results suggest that\n                    <jats:italic>Pp<\/jats:italic>\n                    MC5 activates\n                    <jats:italic>Pp<\/jats:italic>\n                    TGFb, participates in basal lamina remodeling, regulates epithelial cell proliferation and survival, and promotes larval development. Thus,\n                    <jats:italic>Pp<\/jats:italic>\n                    MC5 modulates both cellular and developmental processes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/dgd.70030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T08:35:14Z","timestamp":1762936514000},"page":"516-530","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Astacin Metalloproteinase\n                    <i>Pp<\/i>\n                    MC5 of Mesenchyme Cells Regulates Epithelial Cell Proliferation and Survival to Promote Starfish Larval Development"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4993-4758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yamato","family":"Okura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University  Baltimore Maryland 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