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However, little is known about the specific role played by each ligand and their relative contribution to regeneration processes. Here, we show that Wnt5a plays critical roles in cell proliferation and differentiation during\n                    <jats:italic>Xenopus<\/jats:italic>\n                    tadpole tail regeneration. CRISPR\/Cas9\u2010mediated knock\u2010out (KO) of the\n                    <jats:italic>wnt5a<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene in\n                    <jats:italic>Xenopus<\/jats:italic>\n                    tadpoles caused a delay in tail regeneration. Expression of\n                    <jats:italic>wnt5a<\/jats:italic>\n                    is induced after wound healing in regenerating tails and is positively regulated by the early injury response genes\n                    <jats:italic>junb<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>inhba<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which are required for the initiation of regenerative cell proliferation. Interestingly, in\n                    <jats:italic>wnt5a<\/jats:italic>\n                    KO tadpoles, cell proliferation initiated by JunB and Inhibin\u03b2A was reduced at late stages of tail regeneration, suggesting an essential role of Wnt5a in the maintenance of regenerative cell proliferation. Moreover, differentiation of the notochord and neural tissue was also affected in the regenerating tails of\n                    <jats:italic>wnt5a<\/jats:italic>\n                    KO tadpoles. Our findings demonstrate that Wnt5a acts downstream of JunB and Inhibin\u03b2A to maintain cell proliferation and that it also promotes differentiation in\n                    <jats:italic>Xenopus<\/jats:italic>\n                    tadpole tail regeneration.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/dgd.70071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T08:55:32Z","timestamp":1792400132000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Wnt5a Is Critical for the Maintenance of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation in\n                    <i>Xenopus<\/i>\n                    Tadpole Tail Regeneration"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5527-5074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Makoto","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Amphibian Research Center, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life Hiroshima University  Higashi\u2010Hiroshima Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0470-7723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryutaro","family":"Nishijima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amphibian Research Center, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life Hiroshima University  Higashi\u2010Hiroshima Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9837-5035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Kyoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amphibian Research Center, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life Hiroshima University  Higashi\u2010Hiroshima Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1561-5784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuka","family":"Moriyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amphibian Research Center, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life Hiroshima University  Higashi\u2010Hiroshima Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9387-2259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Xenopus Resource and Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering Marine Biological Laboratory  Woods Hole Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8596-739X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryota","family":"Koike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amphibian Research Center, Graduate School of 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