{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T14:25:01Z","timestamp":1782829501899,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,10]],"date-time":"2014-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1399680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institues of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["1R21 MH092693"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R21 MH092693"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["1R01 HD068425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01 HD068425"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["1R01 NS043480"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01 NS043480"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["UL1 RR025005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 RR025005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Nesbitt McMaster Foundation","award":["n\/a"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\/a"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Complex motor stereotypies (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMS<\/jats:styled-content>) are patterned, repetitive, rhythmic, and involuntary movements that persist over time. They are divided into two subgroups dependent on the presence of other developmental problems: \u2018primary\u2019 (development is otherwise typical) or \u2018secondary\u2019 (associated with autism, intellectual disability, or sensory deficits). There are no currently published studies that examine neuropsychological function in children with primary <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMS<\/jats:styled-content>. This case\u2013control study examines whether children with primary <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMS<\/jats:styled-content> manifest neurobehavioral deficits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010seven children with primary <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMS<\/jats:styled-content> (32 males, 25 females; mean age 6y 8mo, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content> 2y 4mo, range 4\u201312y) with negative screens for autism and 57 comparison participants (32 males, 25 females; mean age 6y 6mo, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content> 2y 1mo) completed neuropsychological assessments of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQ<\/jats:styled-content>, reading ability, attention, language, and motor and executive functions. Parents completed ratings of their child's repetitive movement severity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMS<\/jats:styled-content> group performed significantly less well than comparison participants on motor skills and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQ<\/jats:styled-content> tests (both <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.01), although <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQ<\/jats:styled-content> was consistently in the average range. One\u2010third of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMS<\/jats:styled-content> group showed signs of developmental motor coordination difficulties. Parent report of stereotypy severity was significantly associated with parent report of inattention and executive dysfunction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children with primary <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMS<\/jats:styled-content> were found to have largely intact neuropsychological profiles. Stereotypy severity appears to be associated with executive dysfunction. Although motor difficulties were observed in children with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMS<\/jats:styled-content>, these were not correlated with parent report of symptom severity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,10]],"date-time":"2014-05-10T09:38:50Z","timestamp":1399714730000},"page":"1001-1008","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Neuropsychological function in children with primary complex motor stereotypies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"E Mark","family":"Mahone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychology Kennedy Krieger Institute Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychology Kennedy Krieger Institute Baltimore MD 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