{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T14:36:52Z","timestamp":1788791812494,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,19]],"date-time":"2015-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1424304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The life expectancy of individuals with cerebral palsy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>) is often reduced compared with the general population. Long\u2010term survival with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>is rarely reported. The aim of this study was to investigate survival and the causes of death in relation to<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>type and motor and accompanying impairments documented in the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>register of western Sweden over five decades.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>All individuals born between 1959 and 2002 were included in the study.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>was classified according to Hagberg and the Surveillance of Cerebral Palsy in Europe (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCPE<\/jats:styled-content>). Motor and accompanying impairments were documented. Causes of death were derived from the National Board of Health and Welfare, and population data were obtained from Statistics Sweden. Log\u2010rank tests with Kaplan\u2013Meier plots were used for statistical analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 1856 individuals (1033 males, 823 females) with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>included in the study, 180 (9.6%) had died by 31 December 2009. Tetraplegia, dyskinetic<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>, severe cognitive impairment, and epilepsy were associated with decreased survival rates. At Gross Motor Function Classification System (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GMFCS<\/jats:styled-content>) level V, survival rates among individuals with spastic<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>were lower than among those with dyskinetic<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>. However, compared with the general population, there was an elevated death rate among individuals with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>for all age groups and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>types. At all ages, females with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>had a larger excess risk of death than males. Respiratory failure caused 53% of deaths. For individuals with hemiplegia, as in the general population, 20% of deaths were accidental.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Survival rates are influenced by<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>type but there is an elevated risk of death for individuals with any type of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>, compared with those without<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,19]],"date-time":"2015-02-19T08:56:55Z","timestamp":1424336215000},"page":"762-767","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":119,"title":["Survival with cerebral palsy over five decades in western<scp>S<\/scp>weden"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Kate","family":"Himmelmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Institute for Clinical Sciences at the Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Regional Rehabilitation Centre Queen Silvia's Children's Hospital Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valter","family":"Sundh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine Institute of Community Medicine University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1975.tb03820.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1984.tb09951.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1996.tb14193.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2010.01819.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2005.075002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2001.tb00753.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0012162206000211"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2011.04027.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2012.04218.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2012.04429.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.65.12.1329"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1995.tb12045.x","article-title":"The life\u2010expectancy of persons with cerebral palsy","volume":"37","author":"Crichton JU","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-8994(97)00172-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.81.5.390"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1754.2001.00644.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12520"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","unstructured":"Eurostat(1998)European Shortlist for Causes of Death. 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