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Under normal conditions, this is achieved through the mobilization and use of alternative cerebral fuels (fatty acids, ketone bodies, and lactate) when blood glucose concentration falls. Severe hypoxia\u2013ischaemia is associated with impaired metabolic adaptation, and animal and human data suggest that levels of hypoglycaemia that are tolerated under normal conditions can be harmful in association with hypoxia\u2013ischaemia. The optimal target blood glucose level for ensuring adequate energy provision in hypoxic\u2013ischaemic encephalopathy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIE<\/jats:styled-content>) remains unknown. However, recent data support guidance to maintain a blood glucose concentration of 2.5mmol\/L or more in neonates with signs of acute neurological dysfunction, which includes those with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIE<\/jats:styled-content>, and this is higher than the accepted threshold of 2mmol\/L in infants without signs of neurological dysfunction or hyperinsulinism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12729","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,20]],"date-time":"2015-03-20T16:23:52Z","timestamp":1426868632000},"page":"29-33","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Hypoglycaemia and hypoxic\u2013ischaemic encephalopathy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"James P","family":"Boardman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Centre for Reproductive Health University of Edinburgh Edinburgh 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