{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T10:50:14Z","timestamp":1790506214415,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,21]],"date-time":"2015-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1437436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["491246"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["491246"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["546519"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["546519"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["628371"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["628371"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1053787"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1053787"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1012236"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1012236"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1053609"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1053609"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Royal Children\u2019s Hospital Foundation, Melbourne"},{"name":"The Victorian Government\u2019s Operational Infrastructure Support Program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To elucidate neurobiological changes underlying motor impairments in adolescents born extremely preterm (gestation &lt;28wks) and\/or with extremely low birthweight (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELBW<\/jats:styled-content>, &lt;1000g), our aims were the following: (1) to compare corticospinal tract (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CST<\/jats:styled-content>) microstructure and primary motor cortex (M1) volume, area, and thickness between extremely preterm\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELBW<\/jats:styled-content> adolescents and a comparison group with normal birthweight (&gt;2499g); (2) to compare <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CST<\/jats:styled-content> microstructure and M1 volume, area, and thickness between extremely preterm\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELBW<\/jats:styled-content> adolescents with cerebral palsy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>), motor impairment without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>, and no motor impairment; and (3) to investigate associations between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CST<\/jats:styled-content> microstructure and M1 measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study used diffusion and structural magnetic resonance imaging to examine the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CST<\/jats:styled-content> and M1 in a geographical cohort of 191 extremely preterm\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELBW<\/jats:styled-content> adolescents (mean age 18y 2.4mo [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content> 9.6mo]; 87 males, 104 females) and 141 adolescents in the comparison group (mean age 18y 1.2mo [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content> 9.6mo]; 59 males, 82 females).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Extremely preterm\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELBW<\/jats:styled-content> adolescents had higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CST<\/jats:styled-content> axial, radial, and mean diffusivities and lower M1 thickness than the comparison group. Extremely preterm\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELBW<\/jats:styled-content> adolescents with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content> had higher <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CST<\/jats:styled-content> diffusivities than non\u2010motor\u2010impaired extremely preterm\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELBW<\/jats:styled-content> adolescents. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CST<\/jats:styled-content> diffusivities correlated with M1 volume and area.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Extremely preterm\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELBW<\/jats:styled-content> adolescents have altered <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CST<\/jats:styled-content> microstructure, which is associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content>. Furthermore, the results elucidate how <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CST<\/jats:styled-content> and M1 alterations interrelate to potentially influence motor function in extremely preterm\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELBW<\/jats:styled-content> adolescents.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12854","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,21]],"date-time":"2015-07-21T05:30:53Z","timestamp":1437456653000},"page":"1168-1175","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Brain structural and microstructural alterations associated with cerebral palsy and motor impairments in adolescents born extremely preterm and\/or extremely low birthweight"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Claire E","family":"Kelly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice C","family":"Burnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine J","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Connelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lex W","family":"Doyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeanie L Y","family":"Cheong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatal Services Royal Women's Hospital Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deanne K","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the Victorian Infant Collaborative Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2014.10.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-0710"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"A report: the definition and classification of cerebral palsy April 2006","volume":"109","author":"Rosenbaum P","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2009.03544.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0077475"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.40.2.332"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2013.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2014.45"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.10.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.08.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.10.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2014.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm282"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhq095"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-3801"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh610"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2012.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70294-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhr176"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","volume-title":"Movement Assessment Battery for Children","author":"Henderson SE","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","unstructured":"LeemansA JeurissenB SijbersJ JonesDK.ExploreDTI: a graphical toolbox for processing analyzing and visualizing diffusion MR data. Paper presented at the 17th Annual Meeting of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine; 2009 April 18\u201324;Hawaii USA:3537."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.05.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nic.2005.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2007.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.11.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/01.pdr.0000220324.27597.f0"}],"container-title":["Developmental Medicine &amp; Child Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fdmcn.12854","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/dmcn.12854","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T17:08:31Z","timestamp":1696352911000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/dmcn.12854"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,21]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/dmcn.12854"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dmcn.12854","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-1622","1469-8749"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-1622","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8749","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-06-22","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-07-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}