{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T07:16:59Z","timestamp":1791357419581,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,6]],"date-time":"2016-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1473120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Wellcome Trust Strategic Translational Award","award":["098983"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["098983"]}]},{"name":"Science Foundation Ireland Principal Investigator Award","award":["SFI 10\/IN.1\/B3036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFI 10\/IN.1\/B3036"]}]},{"name":"Science Foundation Ireland Centres Programme","award":["12\/RC\/2272"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12\/RC\/2272"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the relationship between electrographic seizures and long\u2010term outcome in neonates with hypoxic\u2013ischemic encephalopathy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIE<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Full\u2010term neonates with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIE<\/jats:styled-content> born in Cork University Maternity Hospital from 2003 to 2006 (pre\u2010hypothermia era) and 2009 to 2012 (hypothermia era) were included in this observational study. All had early continuous electroencephalography monitoring. All electrographic seizures were annotated. The total seizure burden and hourly seizure burden were calculated. Outcome (normal\/abnormal) was assessed at 24 to 48 months in surviving neonates using either the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition or the Griffiths Mental Development Scales; a diagnosis of cerebral palsy or epilepsy was also considered an abnormal outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Continuous electroencephalography was recorded for a median of 57.1 hours (interquartile range 33.5\u201380.5h) in 47 neonates (31 males, 16 females); 29 out of 47 (62%) had electrographic seizures and 25 out of 47 (53%) had an abnormal outcome. The presence of seizures per se was not associated with abnormal outcome (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.126); however, the odds of an abnormal outcome increased over ninefold (odds ratio [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>] 9.56; 95% confidence interval [95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>] 2.43\u201337.67) if a neonate had a total seizure burden of more than 40 minutes (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.001), and eightfold (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>: 8.00; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 2.06\u201331.07) if a neonate had a maximum hourly seizure burden of more than 13 minutes per hour (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.003). Controlling for electrographic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIE<\/jats:styled-content> grade or treatment with hypothermia did not change the direction of the relationship between seizure burden and outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>In <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIE<\/jats:styled-content>, a high electrographic seizure burden is significantly associated with abnormal outcome, independent of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIE<\/jats:styled-content> severity or treatment with hypothermia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.13215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,6]],"date-time":"2016-09-06T09:36:39Z","timestamp":1473154599000},"page":"1242-1248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":238,"title":["Seizure burden and neurodevelopmental outcome in neonates with hypoxic\u2013ischemic encephalopathy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Liudmila","family":"Kharoshankaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT) Cork Ireland"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health University College Cork Cork Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan J","family":"Stevenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT) Cork Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vicki","family":"Livingstone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT) Cork Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deirdre M","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT) Cork Ireland"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health University College Cork Cork Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brendan P","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT) Cork Ireland"},{"name":"Department of Neonatology Cork University Maternity Hospital Cork Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline E","family":"Ahearne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT) Cork Ireland"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health University College Cork Cork Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geraldine B","family":"Boylan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT) Cork Ireland"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child 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