{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T07:13:20Z","timestamp":1791357200645,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,8]],"date-time":"2017-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical Education Research Association of Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine long\u2010term outcomes of selective dorsal rhizotomy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDR<\/jats:styled-content>) 10 to 17 years after surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants who underwent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDR<\/jats:styled-content> had spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (CP), completed baseline gait analysis, and were 16 to 25 years old at follow\u2010up. Non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDR<\/jats:styled-content> participants (i.e. controls) were matched on important clinical parameters at baseline but did not undergo <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDR<\/jats:styled-content>. All study participants completed six surveys assessing pain, quality of life, participation, function, and mobility. Treatment history for lower extremity surgery and antispasticity injections was tabulated. A subset of each study group returned for three\u2010dimensional gait analysis, including kinematics, metabolic energy cost, and physical examination. Gait Deviation Index (GDI) was calculated to measure gait quality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study cohort had 24 participants with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDR<\/jats:styled-content> and 11 without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDR<\/jats:styled-content>. Of these, 13 patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDR<\/jats:styled-content> (five males, eight females; median [IQR] age 17y 2mo [16y 8mo\u201317y 9mo]) and eight without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDR<\/jats:styled-content> (three males, five females; median [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQR<\/jats:styled-content>] age 19y 2mo [17y 3mo\u201321y 11mo]) completed baseline and follow\u2010up gait analysis. Spasticity significantly decreased in those with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDR<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05). Gait Deviation Index improved more in participants without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDR<\/jats:styled-content> than those with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDR<\/jats:styled-content> (\u0394<jats:sub>non\u2010SDR<\/jats:sub>=12.8 vs \u0394<jats:sub>SDR<\/jats:sub>=9.1; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.01). Compared with the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDR<\/jats:styled-content> group, participants without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDR<\/jats:styled-content> underwent significantly more subsequent interventions (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients in both the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDR<\/jats:styled-content> and non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDR<\/jats:styled-content> groups showed improved gait quality more than 10 years after surgery. Participants without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDR<\/jats:styled-content> had a larger improvement in gait pathology but underwent significantly more intervention. There were no differences between groups in survey measures. These results suggest differing treatment courses provide similar outcomes into early adulthood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>What this paper adds<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) and non\u2010SDR groups had significant improvement in gait pathology over time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The non\u2010SDR group had significantly better gait compared with the SDR group at follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The groups had similar levels of energy cost, pain, and quality of life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Non\u2010SDR participants underwent significantly more orthopaedic surgery and antispasticity injections than SDR participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Use of a clinically similar control group highlights that different treatment courses may result in similar outcomes into young adulthood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.13500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,8]],"date-time":"2017-08-08T11:14:40Z","timestamp":1502190880000},"page":"1196-1203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Long\u2010term outcomes after selective dorsal rhizotomy: a retrospective matched cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9859-6572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meghan E","family":"Munger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gait and Motion Analysis Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare Saint Paul MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nanette","family":"Aldahondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare Saint Paul MN USA"},{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Minnesota \u2013 Twin Cities Minneapolis MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda E","family":"Krach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Minnesota \u2013 Twin Cities Minneapolis MN USA"},{"name":"Courage Kenny Rehabilitation Institute Minneapolis MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom F","family":"Novacheck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gait and Motion Analysis Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare Saint Paul MN USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Minnesota \u2013 Twin Cities Minneapolis MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael H","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gait and Motion Analysis Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare Saint Paul MN USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Minnesota \u2013 Twin Cities Minneapolis MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.82"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12246"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2011.03969.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2002.tb00254.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12665"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2011.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12148"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2011.03912.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2012.04258.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0669"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/PED\/2008\/1\/3\/180"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-8-54"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00013722"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2008.03031.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa4901_13"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.WHOQOL\u2010BREF. 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