{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T13:16:48Z","timestamp":1791638208298,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,9]],"date-time":"2017-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1510185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Develop Med Child Neuro"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To assess the prevalence and risk factors for autism spectrum disorder (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) in epilepsy, and to better understand the relationship and comorbidity between these disorders.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Psych\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">INFO<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and PubMed were searched for articles published in the past 15 years that examined the prevalence of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      in individuals with epilepsy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 19 studies were found with a pooled\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      prevalence of 6.3% in epilepsy. When divided by type, the risks of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      for general epilepsy, infantile spasms, focal seizures, and Dravet syndrome were 4.7%, 19.9%, 41.9%, and 47.4% respectively. Studies with populations under 18 years showed a 13.2 times greater risk of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      than study populations over 18 years, and samples with most (&gt;50%) individuals with intellectual disability showed a greater risk 4.9 times higher than study populations with a minority of individuals with intellectual disability. The main risk factors for\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      reported in the 19 studies included presence of intellectual disability, sex, age, and symptomatic aetiology of epilepsy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Current research supports a high prevalence of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      in epilepsy. This study helps to define the clinical profile of patients with epilepsy who are at risk for\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , which may help clinicians in early screening and diagnosis of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      in this population.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>What this paper adds<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Critical evaluation of previous studies examining the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in individuals with epilepsy.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>A meta\u2010analysis of 19 studies showed a pooled ASD prevalence of 6.3% in individuals with epilepsy.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Studies that included a majority of individuals with intellectual disability or younger population age had a higher prevalence of autism.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Risk factors reported in studies included presence of intellectual disability, sex, age, and symptomatic epilepsy origin.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  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